刍议农村环境自治权-马克思主义基本原理专业论文.docxVIP

刍议农村环境自治权 摘 要 基层群众自治制度近些年一再被提及，农村环境自治作为其现实实践之一，是破解农 村环境这一“老大难”问题的“金钥匙”，在这样的背景下提出农村环境自治权可谓恰逢 其时。分析并践行农村环境自治权既能指引农村环境整治工作走出窘境，又能唤醒农民法 治意识，为法治中国建设奠定基石。本文分五个部分展开。 第一章界定农村环境自治权并进行结构分析。农村环境自治权可以表述为，国家法律 对农民自行治理农村环境的合法性宣告；采用权力构成的要素学说，对农村环境自治权进 行结构分析，以“主体”、“利益”、“主张”、“自由”、“程序”五种要素为切入点， 给农村环境自治权一个立体定位。 第二章阐释农村环境自治权的正当性来源。以宪法权利为核心依据，农村环境自治权 是公民的宪法权利之一；以农村基层组织法为现实考究，农村环境自治是基层自治的生动 实践；以村落群聚生活利益共同性为依托，农村环境自治是民间“软法”的延续。 第三章指出农村环境的问题所在并进行成因分析。问题具体表现在农村生产生活污染 日趋严重，乡镇企业布局不合理与盲目招商引资加剧环境恶化，农村环境存在法治模糊地 带和司法实践难落实；原因亦是多方面的，落后的农业生产方式，农民生产生活方式不规 范，法治建设粗线条等方面。 第四章讨论农村环境自治权与基层政府环保行政权的融合。分别划定两者的权力边 界；对农村环境自治权进行可行性探讨，从农村环境自治对农民环保生活产生约束力，农 村环境自治是践行基层民主的必由之路等三个维度展开论述。 第五章以江苏省沭阳县作为案例探讨。沭阳在农村环境领域先行先试，推动农村环境 自治，以村民委员会为自治主体，理顺自治财权和事权，坚持求是原则划定治理标准。最 后，分析了沭阳试点工作的不足与建议，并就案例典型性和可推广性进行探讨。 关键词：农村 环境自治 权利 自治组织 法治 基层政府 Abstract Recently, much attention has been paid on grassroots autonomy system. And its element—rural environment autonomy, which emerges as the times requires, is the “a golden key” to the problem. Analyzing and carrying out rural environment autonomy will not only help to get out of dilemma in rural environment renovation works, but arouse farmers’ law consciousness to lay the foundation of China’s rule by law. This paper refers to five parts. The first part is to define rural e nvironment autonomy and analyze its construction. Rural environment autonomy indicates that our state admits farmers can govern rural environment by themselves. Based on the elemental theory of power constitution, this part introduces rural environment autonomy and its constructional analysis from five elements including “subject”, “rights”, “proposition”, “freedom” and “procedure”. The second part is to introduce rational source of rural environment autonomy. As one of constitutional rights of citizens, it is based on constitutional rights. As vivid practice of grassroots self-government, it actually relies on law of rural grassroots organization. As continuation of “soft law”, it is based on rural l