儿童呼吸道感染病原学及抗菌药物使用剖析.docVIP

儿童呼吸道感染病原学及抗菌药物使用剖析 　　【摘要】目的 通过北京垂杨柳医院儿科近2年急性呼吸道感染患儿病原学检测，了解病原构成，分析抗菌药物使用情况。方法 取2年间北京垂杨柳医院院儿科就诊患儿93人。咽拭子送北京市疾病预防控制中心进行流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、支原体等快速核酸检测。痰液送院内细菌室进行细菌培养。儿童药物利用指数（children drug utilization index，cDUI）评价抗菌药物用药剂量合理性。SPSS 18.0录入数据，χ2检验组间差异，以P1.0现象普遍，即药物剂量偏大属于不合理用药。痰培养阳性率不高与门诊医师使用抗菌药物前未送检合格痰培养标本有关，应提高病原学检查意识，促进抗菌药物合理使用。 　　【关键词】肺炎；儿童；感染；药物利用指数；抗菌药物 　　The study of etiology of respiratory infection and antibiotics employment in pediatric patients Wang Xiaohui， Huang Fang. Department of Pediatric， Beijing Chui Yang Liu Hospital，Beijing 100022， China 　　【Abstract】Objective To research the pathogenies’ types and analyze the antibacterial drug’s using rationality from the children with acute respiratory infection， our study were generated by pediatric department from the hospital lasting 2 years. 　　Methods A total of 93 pediatric patients with acute respiratory infection admitted from December 1， 2010 through November 30， 2012 were enrolled into study. The throat swabs from 93 patients were sent to the Beijing Center for Disease and Prevention（CDC）to identify the influenza virus， syncytial virus and mycoplasma with rapid nucleic acid test. The specimens of sputum from hospitalized patients were sent to the hospital bacterial laboratory for bacteria culture. With the Children Drug Utilization Index （cDUI）， the rationality of using antibiotics was estimated. The database was established by using SPSS version 18.0 software and the data were analyzed to determine the statistical distinction among the percentage by the Chi square test （P0.05）. 　　Results Of them， 70.96% pediatric patients were below 3 years old （excluding newborns）. Of them， 62.36% patients had positive findings of viral infection. The predominant viruses of respiratory infection were syncytial virus accounting for 30.43%， the influenza viruses 24.63% and the para-influenza virus 10.14%. The patients with positive results in vital test were more vulnerable to lower respiratory infection than those with nega