氮钾肥施用技术对芝麻养分积累产量和品质影响.docVIP

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氮钾肥施用技术对芝麻养分积累产量和品质影响.doc

氮钾肥施用技术对芝麻养分积累产量和品质影响

氮钾肥施用技术对芝麻养分积累产量和品质影响   摘要:研究了氮钾肥用量和施用方法对芝麻养分积累、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,试验条件下,芝麻最高产量施肥量为N 155.8 kg/hm2、K2O 111.4 kg/hm2;氮肥深施和肥料分次施用有利于提高肥料利用率;芝麻粗脂肪含量与粗蛋白质含量存在负相关,施用钾肥芝麻粗蛋白质含量可提高0.61%~2.39%,粗脂肪含量降低0.47%~0.76%,施用氮肥均有提高芝麻粗脂肪含量和粗蛋白质含量的趋势;氮和磷主要存在于芝麻子粒中,钾主要存在于果壳和茎秆中,硼主要存在于茎秆中;在芝麻产量830.8~2 064.1 kg/hm2条件下,芝麻共带走氮35.0~94.2 kg/hm2、磷7.6~19.8 kg/hm2、钾40.9~133.8 kg/hm2、硼57.5~119.5 g/hm2;每生产100 kg芝麻子粒,芝麻共带走氮3.9~5.4 kg、磷0.8~1.1 kg、钾4.1~7.4 kg、硼4.3~6.9 g。   关键词:芝麻;氮钾肥;产量;品质;养分积累   中图分类号:S565.3;S147.3 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2012)03-0469-04      Effect of N and K Fertilizer Application Techniques on Nutrient Accumulation,   Yield and Quality of Sesame      YU Chang-bing,XIE Li-hua,LI Yin-shui,HU Xiao-jia,ZHAO Ying-zhong,LIAO Xing   (Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture,Wuhan 430062,China)      Abstract: The effects of N and K fertilizer application levels and techniques on nutrient accumulation, yield and quality of sesame were studied. It was indicated that the fertilizer formula for the highest yield was 155.8 kg/hm2 N + 111.4 kg/hm2 K2O. Deep and split application could increase the use efficiency of N fertilizer of sesame. The crude fat and crude protein had negative correlation in sesame, and application of K fertilizer could increase crude protein by 0.61%~2.39%; but crude fat was decreased by 0.47%~0.76%. Application of N fertilizer could increase the content of crude fat and crude protein. N and P mainly existed in the seeds of sesame, K mainly existed in nutshell and stem, and B mainly existed in stem. When the yield of sesame was 830.8~2 064.1 kg/hm2, N, P2O, K2O and B taken out by sesame were 35.0~94.2 kg/hm2, 7.6~19.8 kg/hm2, 40.9~133.8 kg/hm2 and 57.5~119.5 g/hm2. When 100 kg seeds of sesame were produced, the amount of N, P2O5, K2O and B taken out by sesame were 3.9~5.4 kg, 0.8~1.1 kg, 4.1~7.4 kg and 4.3~6.9 g.   Key words: sesame; nitrogen and potassium fertiliz

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