麦积山北朝造像.docVIP

麦积山北朝造像 　　 High and low members of North Wei Imperial government believed in Buddhism, primarily establishing merits and virtues and building temples. Sculpture creation in Maiji Mountain in Qinzhou during this period was very popular with splendid decoration also surpassing the past. 　　 Emperor Xiaowen, Yuan Hong, adopted various reforms of promoting feudalization and sinicization. Yuan Hong was expert at literature, had passion for reading, read extensively Confucian classics and History, was good at discussing Lao Zi and Zhuang Zhou, especially proficient in paraphrase. Under his establishment and leadership, paraphrase was greatly prevailing. In north areas, meditative dharma was attached importance to, not reading scripture intentionally. Some only knew sitting in meditation and reading scripture. Since Emperor Xiao Wens advocating paraphrase, till Emperor Xuan Wu and Emperor Xiao Ming, scripture translation and forum discussion were very popular, which influenced reforms to themes and images of Buddhist statues to some extent. After Emperor, Tai Hes reforms, some changes occurred to Buddhist modes of North Wei Dynasty, which was the same with South Dynastys attachment importance to scripture paraphrase causing mold of Buddhist images, even directly influenced by Buddhist statues of South Dynasty. 　　 Large quantities of statues, remained in Maiji Mountain, manifested artists achievement in modeling images: the created meditative statues with eyes drooping and sitting silently, calming down with a dignified appearance showed non-fettered and amiable state of mood; they were seemingly lost in thought, while the stretched appearance showed the understanding of thought; light graceful and restrained flying Apsaras were lovingly pathetic; figures in Buddhist history and maintained portrait were also lively. Kings were serious and smart, children were naive and vivid, and women were pretty and elegant.Male attendants were honest and sincere and ladys-maids were d