chap012_[管理成本会计]_CGA_MA1_Managerial_Accounting__management_accounting_课件.pdf

Standard Costs and Operating Performance Measures Chapter 12 Garrison, Noreen, Brewer, Cheng Yuen © 2012 McGraw-Hill Education (Asia) Standard Costs Standards are benchmarks or “norms” for measuring performance. In managerial accounting, two types of standards are commonly used. Quantity standards Price standards specify how much of an specify how much input should be used to should be paid for make a product or each unit of the provide a service. input. Examples: Firestone, Sears, McDonald’s, hospitals, construction and manufacturing companies. McGraw-HillMcGraw-Hill/IrwinEducation (Asia) Garrison, Noreen, Brewer, Cheng Yuen Slide 2 Standard Costs Deviations from standards deemed significant are brought to the attention of management, a practice known as management by exception. t Standard n u o m Direct A Material Direct Manufacturing Labor Overhead Type of Product Cost McGraw-HillMcGraw-Hill/IrwinEducation (Asia) Garrison, Noreen, Brewer, Cheng Yuen Slide 3 Variance Analysis Cycle Take Identify Receive corrective questions explanations actions Conduct next Analyze period’s var