人脑和脑血管解剖综合分析.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * The innnominate Artery ( Brachiocephalic Trunk),typically is the first large vessel arising from the aortic arch, 2-3 inches following its origin it divides into the right subclavian and right common carotid arteries. The Innominate artery is the most proximal branch of the aortic arch, arising from the Ascending Aorta.It gives rise to the right Subclavian Artery and the right Common Carotid Artery. The right subclavian artery primary function is to supply blood to the right arm, additionally supplies the right chest wall and serves as the origin for the right vertebral artery The Left subclavian artery ordinarily is the last major branch arising from the aortic arch in the chest. Primary function is to supply blood to the left arm, also serves as the origin for left chest wall vessels and left vertebral artery. The most distal branch of the aortic arch is the left Subclavian Artery that gives rise to the left Vertebral Artery. * External Carotid artery(ECA) - arises from CCA bifurcation as smaller of the two branches Internal Carotid artery(ICA) - begins at the bifurcation of the CCA at the C3 - C4 or C4 - C5 Level * * * * The Internal Carotid Artery ( ICA) divisions include cervical, petrous,cavernous and supraclinoid. The ICA enters the cranial cavity at the apex of the petrous pyramid through the carotid canal and the cavernous sinus to supply the frontal (anterior) divisions of the brain (basal ganglia,cerebral hemispheres: anterior circulation.) The cervical ICA has no branching, ordinarily no narrowiings and extends from the common carotid bifurcation to the skull base. The petrous carotid artery is surrounded by bone and is between the skull base and cavernous sinus. The cavernous carotid artery is an “S” shape portion of the vessel which travels through the cavernous sinus ( which is a venous room) and then exits the cavernous sinus as the supraclinoid portion of the ICA. The supraclinoid carotid artery is the portion above th