2015保护性耕作技术1学时资料.pptVIP

C h i n a A g r i c u l t u r a l U n i v e r s i t y C h i n a A g r i c u l t u r a l U n i v e r s i t y 本科生必选课 农学概论 C h i n a A g r i c u l t u r a l U n i v e r s i t y C h i n a A g r i c u l t u r a l U n i v e r s i t y 第十四章 保护性耕作技术 C h i n a A g r i c u l t u r a l U n i v e r s i t y C h i n a A g r i c u l t u r a l U n i v e r s i t y C h i n a A g r i c u l t u r a l U n i v e r s i t y C h i n a A g r i c u l t u r a l U n i v e r s i t y ? 保护性耕作技术概况 ? 保护性耕作技术的原理 ? 保护性耕作技术的进展 ? 保护性耕作的技术措施 ? 东北垄作区保护性耕作技术 ? 东北垄作区保护性耕作技术模式 ? 保护性耕作技术机具 C h i n a A g r i c u l t u r a l U n i v e r s i t y C h i n a A g r i c u l t u r a l U n i v e r s i t y 保护性耕作是相对于传统翻耕的一种新型耕作技术。 国外定义： 用大量秸秆残茬覆盖地表，将耕作减少到只要能保证 种子发芽即可，主要用农药来控制杂草和病虫害。 我国定义： 对农田实行免耕、少耕，用作物秸秆覆盖地表，减少 风蚀、水蚀，提高土壤肥力和抗旱能力的一项先进农业耕作技术。 一、保护性耕作技术概况 C h i n a A g r i c u l t u r a l U n i v e r s i t y C h i n a A g r i c u l t u r a l U n i v e r s i t y Conservation tillage is any method of soil cultivation that leaves the previous years crop residue (such as corn stalks or wheat stubble) on fields before and after planting the next crop, to reduce soil erosion and runoff. To provide these conservation benefits, at least 30% of the soil surface must be covered with residue after planting the next crop. Some conservation tillage methods forego traditional tillage entirely and leave 70% residue or more. Conservation tillage is especially suitable for erosion-prone cropland. In some agricultural regions it has become more common than traditional moldboard plowing. C h i n a A g r i c u l t u r a l U n i v e r s i t y C h i n a A g r i c u l t u r a l U n i v e r s i t y Conservation tillage methods include no-till , strip-till , ridge- till and mulch-till . Each method requires different types of specialized or modifi