旅游英语翻译 九、 转换 常用翻译技巧——转换（V）正反译.pptVIP

转换法（V） 由于英汉两种语言在语法和表达方式等方面存在着许多差异，因此英译汉时常常有必要改变表达方式，使译文通顺流畅、地道可读。这种变通技巧就是转换法。转换的形式多种多样，大体可分为6种： ①词类转换 ②句子成分转换 ③表达方式转换 ④自然语序与倒装语序转换 ⑤正面表达与反面表达转换 ⑥主动式与被动式转换 正反译（Negation） 由于思维方式的不同，英语中有些从正面表达的东西在汉语中习惯从反面来表达；而有些从反面来表达的东西在汉语中则习惯从正面来表达。因此，英译汉时常常有必要进行转换。这就是通常所说的“正说反译、反说正译”法。英语正面表达这里指的是不带否定词no, not , never否定前缀non-, in-, im-, ir-, dis-和否定后缀-less等的句子，汉语正面表达则是指不带“不”、“没”、“非”、“未”、 “否”、 “无”、 “莫”、“勿”、“别”等否定词语的句子；反之则是反面表达。 frost-free refrigerator Freeze! Wet paint! mortally ill 无霜冰箱 别动！ 油漆未干！ 不治之症 The proposal was carried by a very narrow margin. 这项建议差点通不过。 It is no less than blackmail to ask such a high price. 开这么高的价，简直是敲竹杠。 We believe that the younger generation will prove worthy of our trust. He went to an outdoor phone booth and dialed Chicago, then New York, then San Francisco. Silence. Silence. Silence. As a place to live, it left much to be desired. As a secret training base for a revolutionary new plane, it was an excellent site, its remoteness effectively masking its activity. The pictures that linger in his mind, called up in a moment by such sensations as the smell of roses or of new-mown hay, are of a simpler nature. As he sipped his coffee, he opened a still damp morning paper; and began reading. If anyone wanted an excuse to tar all young people as irresponsible and selfish, they would need to look no further than the University of Tampa. Pack a picnic with a side of safety Its hard to believe that its already May and that were approaching months of sunny, sweaterless weather. Any good outdoor toolkit contains a mask, hand sanitizer and gloves. If youre visiting a park, keep in mind that park services might be closed. Exercise for Negation (1/12) Law is no respecter of persons. Exercise for Negation (2/12) Please tender exact fare. Exercise for Negation (3/12) Between sessions of the Contracting Parties, the Council of Representatives is authorized to act on both routine and urgent matters. Exercise for Negation (4/12) But congratulation for a job