正常妊娠和胎儿畸形超声诊断-ENGLISH 大学医学课件.pptxVIP

Ultrasonography on Obstetrics;The role of Ultrasound in Obstetrics;Obstetric common diseases;Natural pregnancy;TRIMESTERS;Indications for First-Trimester Sonography;Nonage pregnancy (First-Trimester) ;5 weeks pregnant— Gestational sac； 6-7 weeks pregnant— Germ; 7-8 Weeks —Primitive heart tube pulse； 8-11 weeks — Yolk sac; 9 weeks — Embryonic, placenta.;Sonographic Features of a Normal Gestational Sac;Internal landmarks: yalk sac present when gestational sac is larger than 10 mm; embryo present when gestational sac is larger than 18 mm Growth: 1 mm per day (range: 0.7 mm to 1.5 mm per day) ;4-5 weeks pregnant In the gestational sac we can see a embryo point, the earliest embryo. ;7 weeks pregnant Fetus is about 4 mm，we can see apparent heart throb, and small limb bud .;8 weeks pregnant Three-dimensional ultrasound show its beginning of the shape of a human.;Umbilical bord;Yolk sac;9 weeks pregnant Known as a fetal，Development of the various parts of the fetus, tends to improve.;12 weeks pregnant The spine is identifiable , as the two bead-like high echo-level. Ears, limbs, bones can be shown and measurement. ;The Second- and Third-Trimester( Metaphase and terminal prengancy);Ultrasound of the Second and Third Trimesters;Indications for Second- and Third-Trimester; provide adjunct to amniocentesis, percutaneous umbilical blood sampling procedure, or cerclage placement Evaluate uterine abnormality Evaluate abnomal maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein values Evaluate abnormal amniotic fluid Evaluate placenta Etc.;Scanning Techniques;Check contents;1 、 Fetal head; Fetal head, after 12 weekend pregnant;skull;; Fetal side profile, we can observe its forehead, nose ,lip, and chin, etc.;2、Fetal abdomen;The urinary system: kidneys, adrenal glands, ureters,