计算机网络英文版课件：Chapter4 Network Layer.pptVIP

Chapter 4: Network LayerChapter goals: understand principles behind network layer services:network layer service modelsforwarding versus routinghow a router worksrouting (path selection)dealing with scaleadvanced topics: IPv6 fundationinstantiation, implementation in the Internet1Network Layer Network layerProvides end-to-end transport service sending side encapsulates segments into datagramsrcving side delivers segments to transport layernetwork layer protocols in every host, routerrouter examines header fields in all IP datagrams passing through itapplicationtransportnetworkdata linkphysicalapplicationtransportnetworkdata linkphysicalnetworkdata linkphysicalnetworkdata linkphysicalnetworkdata linkphysicalnetworkdata linkphysicalnetworkdata linkphysicalnetworkdata linkphysicalnetworkdata linkphysicalnetworkdata linkphysicalnetworkdata linkphysicalnetworkdata linkphysicalnetworkdata linkphysical2Network Layer Two Key Network-Layer Functionsforwarding: move packets from router’s input to appropriate router outputrouting: determine route taken by packets from source to dest. routing algorithms3Network Layer 1230111value in arrivingpacket’s headerrouting algorithmlocal forwarding tableheader valueoutput link01000101011110013221Interplay between routing and forwarding4Network Layer Connection setup3rd important function in some network architectures:ATM, frame relay, X.25before datagrams flow, two end hosts and intervening routers establish virtual connectionrouters get involvednetwork vs transport layer connection service:network: between two hosts (may also involve intervening routers in case of VCs)transport: between two processes5Network Layer Network service modelQoS of end to end transportingguaranteed bandwidth?preservation of inter-packet timing (no jitter)?loss-free delivery?in-order delivery?congestion feedback to sender?No errorsDelay ???virtual circuitor datagram?The most important abstraction provided by network layer:service abstractionNetwork-service mod