基础医学课件-blood.pptVIP

Structure Biconcave No nucleus Few organelles Small Hemoglobin molecules Count RBC count M: 4.0~5.5×1012/L F: 3.5~5.0×1012/L Hemoglobin（血红蛋白） M: 120~160 g/L F: 110~150 g/L Physiological properties Plastic deformability （可塑变形性） Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)（红细胞沉降率） The distance that red blood cells settle in a tube of blood in one hour Normal value [Westergren method（魏氏法，国际血液学标准化委员会推荐魏氏法为标准法）]: M: 0~15 mm/h，F: 0~20 mm/h An indication of inflammation which increases in many diseases, such as tuberculosis rheumatoid arthritis… d Suspension stability（悬浮稳定性） International Council for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH) 红细胞叠连（rouleaux formation） Osmotic fragility （渗透脆性） the susceptibility of a red blood cell to break apart when exposed to saline solutions of a lower osmotic pressure than that of the human cellular fluid Notice that hemolysis begins in the 0.45% tube and is complete in the 0.35% tube. Function of RBCs 1. Transport of O2 and CO2 2. Buffering White blood cells (Leucocytes) （白细胞） Types of WBC WBC Count (?109/L) % Granulocytes Neutrophils 2.0~7.0 50~70 Eosinophils 0.02~0.5 0.5~5 Basophils 0~0.1 0~1 Monocytes 0.12~0.8 3~8 Lymphocytes 0.8~4.0 20~40 Total 4~10 WBC count Platelets (Thrombocytes) Formed in the bone marrow from cells called megakaryocytes Without nucleus, but can secrete a variety of substances normal value: (100~300) x 109/L Average lifespan=7~14 days Play an important role in hemostasis 1. Adhesion Platelets adhere to the vessel wall at the site of injury Physiological properties of platelets von Willebrand factor, vWF 2. Aggregation Platelets adhere to one another 3. Release or secretion: Platelets contain alpha and dense granules Dense granules: containing ADP or ATP, calcium, and serotonin α-granules: containing platelet factor 4, PDGF, fibronectin, B-thromboglobulin, vWF, fibrinogen, and coagulation factors V and XIII Schematic drawing of th