甘蓝型油菜种子抗营养物质研究进展.docVIP

  甘蓝型油菜种子抗营养物质研究进展# 邵彦林，蒋金金，王幼平** （扬州大学生物科学与技术学院,扬州,225009） 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 摘要：甘蓝型油菜是重要的油料作物，种子不仅可生产食用油，而且其饼粕富含蛋白质，可 作为动物饲料。油菜种子中含有大量抗营养物质对油菜籽的品质有很大影响，因此如何减少 抗营养物质的含量已成为油菜育种的重要方向之一。本文主要阐述了油菜籽多酚、木质素、 纤维素和硫苷类抗营养物质的测定方法，它们在种子中的含量，以及它们对饼粕营养价值的 影响。油菜籽中的多酚物质主要包括植物单宁、类黄酮和羟基苯丙烯酸衍生物，它们对种子 的品质影响较大，所以目前对它们的研究较多。木质素和纤维素作为种皮主要成分影响种子 的营养价值，是油菜育种改良的另一个研究热点。高含量的芥子油苷主要会影响饼粕蛋白的 利用，种子中多酚物质、木质素和纤维素的合成都存在相关性。 关键词：油菜遗传育种；多酚物质；原花色素；类黄酮；木质素；纤维素；芥子油苷 中图分类号：S565.4 Research Progress on Anti-nutritional Compounds in Seeds of Brassica napus Shao Yanlin, Jiang Jinjin, Wang Youping (College of Bioscience and Biotechnology,Yangzhou University, 225009) Abstract: Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is an important oil crop in the world. And rapeseed meal, the by-product after oil processing, has been considered as a good source for protein and animal forage. However, the utilization of rapeseed is still limited to the existence of abundant anti-nutritional factors. Hence, improving the quality of rapeseed with reduced anti-nutritional factors is becoming the primary mission for rapeseed breeders. Here, we reviewed the improvement of quantitative methods for determination of the anti-nutritional factors, including phenolic compounds, lignin, fiber and glucosinolate, the content of anti-nutritional compounds in rapeseed, the influences of different anti-nutritional compounds on rapeseed meal nutritional value and the development of anti-nutritional research. The phenolic compounds of rapeseed mainly include plant tannins, flavonoid derivatives and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives. Since their existence have greatly influence to rapeseed quality, many researches have done for them currently. Meanwhile, lignin and fiber as main components of cell wall, was also upgraded as another research focus for breeders. The high levels of glucosinolate mainly influence the using of rapeseed protein. Biosynthesis of phenolic compounds, lignin and fiber are interrelated to one another, including their synthetic