基于变换的线性约束斜投影波束形成算法.docVIP

  基于变换的线性约束斜投影波束形成算法# 汤辰，毕传兴，徐亮** （合肥工业大学机械与汽车工程学院，合肥 230009） 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 摘要：基于变换的广义特征空间波束形成器在低快拍数、低信噪比和相干信源条件下波束形 成性能下降。为解决这一问题，提出基于变换的线性约束斜投影波束形成(T-LCOBPB)算法， 该算法用变换矩阵对接收信号进行变换后，将线性约束最小方差算法的静态权向量向信号子 空间作斜投影得到自适应权向量，从而实现自适应波束形成。数值仿真表明，T-LCOBPB 算法在高、低信噪比都具有较好的波束形成性能，且在低快拍数和相干信源情况下仍具有较 好的波束形成性能，是一种性能优越且鲁棒的波束形成方法。 关键词：信号检测；自适应波束形成；线性约束；斜投影；相干干扰 中图分类号：TN911.23 Transformation-based linearly constrained oblique projection beamforming algorithm TANG Chen, BI Chuanxing, XU Liang (School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, HeFei 230009) Abstract: The transformation-based generalized eigenspace-based beamformer had worse performance in the conditions of small snapshot number, low SNR and coherent sources. In the paper, the transformation-based linearly constrained oblique projection beamforming (T-LCOBPB) algorithm was proposed to overcome these problems. After transforming the array input data vector with the transformation matrix, the weight vector of the T-LCOBPB algorithm was generated by oblique projecting the fixed weight vector of the linearly constrained minimum variance algorithm onto the signal subspace, thus achieving adaptive beamforming. Simulation results reveal that the T-LCOBPB algorithm has better beamforming performance both in high and low SNR, and it also has better performance in small snapshot number and coherent sources. The T-LCOBPB algorithm has robust characteristic and good performance. Keywords: Signal detection; Adaptive beamforming; Linearly constraints; Oblique projection; Coherent interference 0 引言 在自适应波束形成技术中，线性约束最小方差(LCMV)算法[1]是主要的算法之一，它在 保证对期望信号方向增益为一定值的条件下，计算最优权向量使阵列输出功率最小。在线性 约束条件中，零点约束可以用来抑制非平稳干扰[2]，广义的基于特征空间的波束形成器(GEIB) 即把线性约束和特征空间技术结合起来运用到波束形成中[3]，该波束形成器将 LCMV 算法 的权向量向修正的信号子空间投影，使权向量的范数变小，具有较快的收敛速度和较强的稳 健性。但该波束形成器需要计算修正的信号子空间，因而容易产生计算上的不稳定，并且在 零点约束方向与干扰方向接近时性能急剧下降。基于变换的线性约束特征干扰相消器和基于 变换的线性约束正交投影算法[4]可解决在特定干扰角度上数值稳定性下降和约束零点损失 问题，但它们只适用于阵列数据不含期望信号（如自适应雷达）时的情况。基于变换的广义 特征空间波束形成器(T-GEIB)