中学地理学科材料情境分析题的命题理论与技术研究.pdfVIP

摘要 地理材料情境分析题是向考生提供一则或一组与已学知识相关的地理情境 材料，要求考生正确理解试题所提供的材料，尽可能地提取材料中蕴涵的有效信 息，进行比较分析、绘图计算、判断推理、综合论证的大型综合性试题。它是检 测学生地理思维能力和培养学生创新意识的有效试题之一，因而，成为我国目前 大规模选拔性考试中的主要题型。 本文在对地理材料情境分析题出现的原因、演变作简要的探讨后，着重从四 个方面对材料情境分析题的命题理论与技术进行了系统研究：首先，从 “材料” 的表现形式、设问的组织结构、答题的能力要求和答案的赋分方式四个不同视角 对材料情境分析题进行了分类，概括了材料情境分析题的基本模式，从而为整个 研究奠定基础。其次，从识记鉴别、提取信息、读图析图、绘图计算、评价判断 和研究创新六个层面对材料情境分析题的考查功能作了详尽的分析。第三，从材 料、设问、答案和赋分四个方面概括了材料情境分析题的命题原则。第四，从材 料的选择、问题的设置、参考答案的拟定和评分规则的设定等几个方面详细列举 了材料情境分析题的设计方法。 论文的最后部分提出了本文已涉及但又需要进一步探索的几个主要问题及 深入研究的构想。 关键词： 中学地理 材料情境分析题 命题理论与技术 I Abstract Analysis of geographical scene materials (AGSM) is a kind of main types of test question in geography examine. It requires examinees to confirm basic geographical characteristic and theory of geographical material(GM) and phenomenon, or to refine as much effective information as possible from GM so as to interpret certain material or phenomenon, after it presents them a piece or group of GM related to the knowledge which they have learned. It plays a main role in present large -scale selective examine, because it is one kind of most effective types of test question to distinguish examinees’ability of thinking and to develop their creative idea. The thesis provides systematic study on theory and technique of design about AGSM from four main aspects after exploring the source and evolution of it: First, the thesis categorizes AGSM and sums up its basic model from four distinct perspectivespresenting forms of geographical material, organizing construct of question, and requiring ability of answer and method of paying score. Second, the thesis makes an exhaustive analysis to examine function o