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Biology by Design From Top to Bottom and Back英文文献资料.doc

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Biology by Design From Top to Bottom and Back英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation JournalofBiomedicineandBiotechnology Volume2010,ArticleID232016,11pages doi:10.1155/2010/232016 ReviewArticle BiologybyDesign:FromToptoBottomandBack BrianR.Fritz,1,2LauraE.Timmerman,1,2NicholeM.Daringer,1JoshuaN.Leonard, 1,3 andMichaelC.Jewett1,2,3 1 2 3 DepartmentofChemicalandBiologicalEngineering,NorthwesternUniversity,2145SheridanRoad,Evanston,IL60208,USA ChemistryofLifeProcessesInstitute,NorthwesternUniversity,2170CampusDrive,Evanston,IL60208,USA Member,RobertH.LurieComprehensiveCancerCenter,NorthwesternUniversity,2145SheridanRoad,Evanston,IL60208,USA CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoJoshuaN.Leonard,j-leonard@northwestern.eduand MichaelC.Jewett,m-jewett@northwestern.edu Received5July2010;Accepted22September2010 AcademicEditor:GaneshSriram Copyright?2010BrianR.Fritzetal.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense, whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited. Syntheticbiologyisanascenttechnicaldisciplinethatseekstoenablethedesignandconstructionofnovelbiologicalsystems to meet pressing societal needs. However, engineering biology still requires much trial and error because we lack e?ective approachesforconnectingbasic“parts”intohigher-ordernetworksthatbehaveaspredicted.Developingstrategiesforimproving theperformanceandsophisticationofourdesignsisinformedbytwooverarchingperspectives:“bottom-up”and“top-down” considerations.Usingthisframework,wedescribeaconceptualmodelfordevelopingnovelbiologicalsystemsthatfunctionand interactwithexistingbiologicalcomponentsinapredictablefashion.Wediscussthismodelinthecontextofthreetopicalareas: biochemicaltransformations,cellulardevicesandtherapeutics,andapproachesthatexpandthechemistryoflife.Tenyearsafter theconstructionofsyntheticbiology’s?rstdevices,thedrivetolookbeyondwhatdoesexisttowhatcanexistisusheringinanera ofbiologybydesign. 1.Introduction newparadigmofbiologybydesigncanbesummarizedas follows: Our