Cardiovascular Damage in Alzheimer Disease Autopsy Findings From the Bryan ADRC英文文献资料.docVIP

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Cardiovascular Damage in Alzheimer Disease Autopsy Findings From the Bryan ADRC英文文献资料.doc

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Cardiovascular Damage in Alzheimer Disease Autopsy Findings From the Bryan ADRC英文文献资料

JournalofBiomedicineandBiotechnology?2005:2(2005)189–197?DOI:10.1155/JBB.2005.189 RESEARCH ARTICLE CardiovascularDamageinAlzheimerDisease: AutopsyFindingsFromtheBryanADRC ElizabethH.Corder,1JohnF.Ervin,2EvelynLockhart,3MariH.Szymanski,2 DonaldE.Schmechel,3,4 andChristineM.Hulette2,3 1 CenterforDemographicStudies,DukeUniversity,2117CampusDrive,Box90408,Durham,NC27708-0408,USA DivisionofNeurology,DukeUniversityMedicalCenter,Durham,NC27710,USA DepartmentofPathology,DukeUniversityMedicalCenter,Durham,NC27710,USA 2 3 4 DepartmentofNeurobiology,DukeUniversityMedicalCenter,Durham,NC27710,USA Received7June2004;revised29November2004;accepted7December2004 Autopsyinformation on cardiovascular damage was investigated for pathologically con?rmed Alzheimer disease (AD) patients (n = 84)andnon-ADcontrolpatients(n = 60).The51relevantitemswereenteredintoagrade-of-membershipmodeltode- scribevasculardamageinAD.Fivelatentgroupswereidenti?ed“I:early-onsetAD,”“II:controls,cancer,”“III:controls,extensive atherosclerosis,”“IV:late-onsetAD,male,”and“V:late-onsetAD,female.”Expectedly,GroupsIVandVhadelevatedAPOE 4 frequency.Unexpectedly,therewaslimitedatherosclerosisandfrequentmyocardialvalveandventriculardamage.The?ndingsdo notindicateastrongrelationshipbetweenatherosclerosisandAD,althoughbothareassociatedwiththeAPOE4.Instead,autopsy ?ndingsofextensiveatherosclerosiswereassociatedwithpossible,notprobableorde?niteAD,andprematuredeath.Theyarecon- sistentwiththehypothesisthatbrainhypoperfusioncontributestodementia,possiblytoADpathogenesis,andraisethepossibility thattheAPOEallele4contributesdirectlytoheartvalveandmyocardialdamage. INTRODUCTION 40%mortality)withinthreemonthsfollowingadiagnosis ofheartdiseaseorstrokeatages85+for3/4+persons, comparedto2/3+[24],andlargelyaccountsforreduced 4,andelevated2,frequenciesfoundamongcentenari- ans[25]. ItiswellknownthatAlzheimer’sdisease(AD)isthe most common form of senile dementia in the US and Europe.Populationstudiessuggestthat47%of