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Cellular Stress Responses Cell Survival and Cell Death英文文献资料.doc

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Cellular Stress Responses Cell Survival and Cell Death英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation InternationalJournalofCellBiology Volume2010,ArticleID214074,23pages doi:10.1155/2010/214074 ReviewArticle CellularStressResponses:CellSurvivalandCellDeath SimoneFulda, AdrienneM.Gorman, OsamuHori, andAfshinSamali 1 2 3 2 1 2 3 Children’sHospital,UlmUniversity,Eythstra?e.24,89075Ulm,Germany SchoolofNaturalSciences,NationalUniversityofIreland,Galway,UniversityRoad,Galway,Ireland KanazawaUniversityGraduateSchoolofMedicalScience,DepartmentofNeuroanatomy,KanazawaCity, Ishikawa,920-8640Japan,Japan CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoSimoneFulda,simone.fulda@uniklinik-ulm.de Received4August2009;Accepted20November2009 AcademicEditor:SrinivasaM.Srinivasula Copyright?2010SimoneFuldaetal.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense, whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited. Cellscanrespondtostressinvariouswaysrangingfromtheactivationofsurvivalpathwaystotheinitiationofcelldeaththat eventuallyeliminatesdamagedcells.Whethercellsmountaprotectiveordestructivestressresponsedependstoalargeextenton thenatureanddurationofthestressaswellasthecelltype.Also,thereisoftentheinterplaybetweentheseresponsesthatultimately determinesthefateofthestressedcell.Themechanismbywhichacelldies(i.e.,apoptosis,necrosis,pyroptosis,orautophagiccell death)dependsonvariousexogenousfactorsaswellasthecell’sabilitytohandlethestresstowhichitisexposed.Theimplications ofcellularstressresponsestohumanphysiologyanddiseasesaremanifoldandwillbediscussedinthisreviewinthecontextof somemajorworldhealthissuessuchasdiabetes,Parkinson’sdisease,myocardialinfarction,andcancer. 1.OverviewofCellularStressResponses Therefore, depending on the level and mode of stress, di?erentdefensemechanismsandprosurvivalstrategiesare mounted; however, if these are unsuccessful, then the cell death programs are activated to eliminate these damaged cells from the o