Cellular-Based Immunotherapies for Patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme英文文献资料.docVIP

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Cellular-Based Immunotherapies for Patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme英文文献资料.doc

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Cellular-Based Immunotherapies for Patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation ClinicalandDevelopmentalImmunology Volume2012,ArticleID764213,15pages doi:10.1155/2012/764213 ReviewArticle Cellular-BasedImmunotherapiesforPatientswith GlioblastomaMultiforme XunXu, FlorianStockhammer, andMichaelSchmitt 1 2 3 1 Center for Biomaterial Development and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Institute of Polymer Research, Helmholtz-ZentrumGeesthacht,14513Teltow,Germany 2 3 DepartmentofNeurosurgery,UniversityofG¨ottingen,37073G¨ottingen,Germany DepartmentofInternalMedicineV,Hematology,OncologyandRheumatology,UniversityofHeidelberg,69120Heidelberg,Germany CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoMichaelSchmitt,michael.schmitt@med.uni-heidelberg.de Received7November2011;Accepted8December2011 AcademicEditor:LucaGattinoni Copyright?2012XunXuetal.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense,which permitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited. Treatmentofpatientswithglioblastomamultiforme(GBM)remainstobeachallengewithamediansurvivalof14.6months following diagnosis. Standard treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, and systemic chemotherapy with temozolomide.Despitethefactthatthebrainconstitutesanimmunoprivilegedsite,recentobservationsafterimmunotherapies withlysatefromautologoustumorcellspulsedondendriticcells(DCs),peptides,protein,messengerRNA,andcytokinessuggest animmunologicalandevenclinicalresponsefromimmunotherapies.Giventhisplethoraofimmunomodulatorytherapies,this papergivesastructureoverviewofthestate-of-theartinthe?eld.Particularemphasiswasalsoputonimmunogenicantigensas potentialtargetsforamorespeci?cstimulationoftheimmunesystemagainstGBM. 1.Introduction noncontrast enhancing tumor part and can be visualized by aminoacid positron emission tomography [5]. Placing carmustine-loadedwafersintheresectioncavityhasshown to prolong survival rates [6]. However, the clinical bene?