黑斑原鮡色脑颅骨骼形态学的研究.pdfVIP

第38卷 第3期 淡 水 渔 业 2008年5月 Vol_38 No．3 Freshwater Fisheries May 2008 里 ，-t’ 斑原 脑颅骨骼形态学的研究 刘海平，谢从新，张 磊，张惠娟，熊冬梅 (华中农业大学水产学院，武汉 430070) 摘要：采用改进的透明骨骼法，研究了黑斑原跳(Glyptosternum maculatum)的脑颅骨骼。其脑颅骨骼由28块膜 骨、软骨化骨以及复性骨组成，眼区系列骨骼退化，缺少围框骨系，仅有额骨、副蝶骨、翼蝶骨，同时部分脑 颅骨骼发生特化，如出现了颌须骨、基垫骨，这些骨骼在其他鱼类中未有报道。这些退化和特化现象与黑斑原 鱿的生境有着密切的关系。黑斑原鱿的脑颅骨骼具有大多数底栖鱼类脑颅共有的结构：前囱和后囱。黑斑原鱿 脑颅各骨骼与鱼脑接触面或为隆嵴，或为陷窝，从而最大程度地保护了鱼脑免受外界的冲击和震荡。一些骨骼 存在大小不一，位置相对固定的孑L眼，为出入大脑的血管及神经的通道。 关键词：黑斑原跳(Glyptosternum maculatum)；脑颅；骨骼；透明骨骼法；形态学 中图分类号：Q959．48304 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6907一(2008)03-0003—10 The Studies on the Morphology of Glyptosternum maculatum’S Neurocranium Skeleton LIU Hai—Ping，XIE Cong—Xin，ZHANG Lei，ZHANG Hui—Juan，XIONG Dong—Mei (Fishery College，Huazhong Agricultural University，Wuhan 430070) Abstract：This research I‘S to give a clear description of the neurocranium skeleton of G．maculatum，and to enrich biolog— ic datum，meanwhile to provide a scientific reference on systemic evolvement and geography pattern distributed．There are 28 bones which are composed of OS cartliaginea，OS membranaceum and combined bones．The bones around eyes are de— generated，the circum—orbital—bones don’t exist，and there are only 3 bones left which are frontal，parasphenoid and alis— phenoid．On the other hand，there are some specialized bones，like jaw bone and basibone，which have not been repor— ted in other fishes．The degeneration and specialization phenomenon showed that they were consanguineously connected with their habitant environment．A mutual configuration that most bottom—perched fishes have is anterior fontanella and pos—