北京吉普汽车发动机活塞的热力学仿真分析.doc

北京吉普发动机活塞的热力学仿真分析 摘 要：随着发动机向高速度、高功率，低能耗的方向发展，选用活塞的材料变得尤为重要。到目前为止，普通车用发动机活塞的材料还是以铝合金为主，当然还包括铸铁，陶瓷材料等。活塞被称为发动机的心脏，是发动机动力的源泉，所以活塞的结构设计直接关系到发动机的整体性能（包括其寿命、可靠性、经济性）。作为内燃机的主要受热零部件，承受着周期性变化的热负荷作用，由于它常在高温环境下工作，所以对活塞进行热负荷分析，就可为高温下活塞的热损伤问题提供一定的实验数据。本文采用Pro-e对活塞进行实体建模，然后对其进行简化。导入ANSYS对其施加载荷，并且用该软件对其进行有限元温度场分析，通过结果显示图，直观的了解活塞在工况下温度最高的部位，确定活塞的危险部位，为活塞的优化设计提供一定的理论依据。 关键词 活塞，Pro-e，ANSYS，温度场，有限元分析 Thermodynamic Analysis on Simulation of Beijing Jeep Engine Piston Abstract： the development of the engine towards the direction of the high speed, high power, low energy consumption, selecting material of piston has become particularly important. So far, material of the ordinary automobile engine piston is mainly dominated by aluminium alloy and includes, of course, cast iron, ceramics and other materials. The piston, which is the source of the engine power, is called the heart of the engine. So the structural design of the piston is directly related to the overall performance of the engine (including its life, reliability and economy). As the main heated parts of internal-combustion engine, it bears the periodic change of heat load. Because it often works in high temperature environment, the heat load analysis for the piston can provide some experimental data for high temperature thermal damage problems. In this paper, the Pro-E is used to establish solid model for the piston and then simplify it. Importing ANSYS is applied to load, and using the software analyse finite element temperature field .The display, directly reflects the highest temperature of the piston under the condition of the place, which can determine the dangerous position of the piston and provide certain theoretical basis for the optimal design of the piston. Keyword： iston，Pro-e，ANSYS，the temperature field，the finite element analysis 1 绪论 1 1.1 本课题研究的背景及意义 1 1.2 国内外的研究现状 2 1.3 研究或解决的问题以及采用的研究手段 3 2 活塞的建模 4 2.1 Pro-E的简介 4 2.2 活塞建模的具体步骤 6 2.3 活塞的实体模型 17 3 活塞的有限元分析 19 3.1 有限元热分析原理 19 3.1.1 热分析的理论基础 19 3.1.2 温度场