PM-项目管理-2基础.ppt

2011春夏学期授课版 Project, PM and Software PM College of Computer Agenda PM Conception概念 PMBOK‘s ContentsPMBOK的内容 Tools工具 Phase and Process Phase阶段 Process过程 Organization组织 Commitment义务 SPM Conception概念 Classification分类 Challenge挑战 Problems Solving问题解决 项目管理基础 What is Project ? PMI definition 项目 “是为了实现一个独特目的(产品或服务)而进行的临时性任务” (PMBOK? Guide 2000, p. 4) 目标性、相关性、周期性、独特性、约束性、不确定性、结果的不可逆转性 A project is an inter-related set of activities whose combined performance within a limited period of time accomplishes certain desired objectives. What is Project ? Dictionary definition = “a planned activity” ‘planned’ - know how to carry out a task before you start ‘activity’ -- non-routine task - specific objective or product - pre-determined time span - involves specialisms - resources are constrained - Multiple stakeholders - complex and large What is a Project? By a strict definition, we will consider a project as: a one time effort having defined starting and end dates having a specified objective and scope of work to be performed producing a unique product or service solving a problem or addressing a need having a set budget being performed by a temporary organization Being led by one ultimately accountable individual Attributes of projects Attributes of projects unique purpose目的的唯一性 Temporary临时性 require resources, often from various areas资源 should have a primary sponsor and/or customer发起人/用户 involve uncertainty不确定性 项目的典型特征 Limited (often highly constrained) duration Uncertainty regarding work required, methods, durations, and costs Complex sequencing requirements among activities Large projects are often composed of multiple smaller projects Often constrained resources availability and uneven workload 目标性、相关性、周期性、独特性、约束性、不确定性、结果的不可逆转性 项目的典型特征 Temporary project organization/team with members drawn from various disciplines, functional areas, and organizations Project manager lacks formal, perman