白蚁内切-β-14-葡聚糖酶基因的克隆 表达及分子改造-cloning, expression and molecular modification of endo - β - 14 - glucanase gene from termites.docxVIP
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白蚁内切-β-14-葡聚糖酶基因的克隆 表达及分子改造-cloning, expression and molecular modification of endo - β - 14 - glucanase gene from termites
白蚁内切一13-1,4~葡聚糖酶基因的克隆、表达及分子改造摘要纤维素(Cellulose)是地球上最丰富的有机物质,它是光合作用最主 要的产物,同时也是最丰富的可再生资源,地球上每年光合作用可产生 大于100亿吨的植物干物质,其中一半以上是纤维素和半纤维素。但纤 维素的利用目前尚未完全开发,随着地球石化能源短缺和枯竭的日趋严 峻,人类把眼光转向了对纤维素的利用,利用纤维素酶将纤维素降解为 可发酵的单糖,进而发酵生产乙醇。然而目前发现的纤维素酶都存在活 力低和反应速度慢的缺点,因此寻找新的或者通过改造现有的纤维素酶 基因获得活力更高纤维素酶是解决纤维素开发利用的关键问题。本研究提取了台湾家白蚁总RNA通过RT-PCR扩增出白蚁内切.p.1,4.葡聚糖酶基因,并分别构建了表达内切.p.1,4.葡聚糖酶的大肠杆 菌和酿酒酵母表达载体。利用金属镍亲和层析对大肠杆菌表达的内切.p.1,4一葡聚糖酶进行纯化,CMC酶活检测显示纯化酶的最适温度和最适 pH值分别为42℃、6.5;内切.D.1,4.葡聚糖酶的Vmax为0.071mg/ml*min, Km值为80.2712mg/ml,比活力为13.544U/mg。利用定点突变对白蚁内 切.p.1,4.葡聚糖酶基因进行改造,首先是借助计算机根据白蚁内切 一p.1,4一葡聚糖酶的同源建模三维结构信息,利用ProSA2003软件根据能 量(knowledge.based potentials)最低化原则,计算机辅助设计确定白蚁 内切.D.1,4.葡聚糖酶氨基酸饱和突变位点,通过同源建模分析表明53D、 56D和4l lE三个位点都是活性中心位点。利用兼并引物对53,56,411 位点的氨基酸分别进行饱和突变,筛选到三个有活力的突变子C53、E53和C56。对突变酶进行酶学性质的研究表明,C53的最适温度、最适pH、 米氏常数、Vmax和比活力分别为42C、6.5、37.683 mg/rnL、0.0334 umol/mL*min、9.912 U/mg;突变酶E53的最适温度、最适pH、米氏常 数、Vmax和比活力分别为37℃、6.5、93.819mg/mL、O.124umoUmL木min、 16.421U/mg;突变酶C56的最适温度、最适pH、米氏常数、Vmax和 比活力分别为42℃、8.0、26.809mg/mL、0.0324umol/mL木min、1 6.470U/mg。关键词:纤维素酶内切.13.1,4.葡聚糖酶台湾家白蚁酿酒酵母定 向进化定点突变ClONING,EXPI之ESSION AND MOLECULAR MODIFICATl0N OF THE END—p—l,4一GLUCANASE GERE FROM CoPToTERMES FoRMoSANUsAB STRACTCellulose(Cellulose)is the most organic material and renewable resources,which is the main product of photosynthesis.There are more than 1 0 billion tons of biomass plants on Earth,Over half of which iS cellulose and hemicellulose.However,the cellulose has not been used fully.As theshortage of petrochemical energy on the Earth,people start to use cellulose to fermente ethan01.But now the activity of cellulose are low and fermentation are very slow,SO searching for new cellulases,or mutating the existing cellulase gene to get higher cellulase become a hot research.In this research,we extracted Coptotermes formosanus’total RNA,and obtained the cDNA by reverse transcription.The gene encoding endo—p一1,4-glucanase was isolated by PCR,and then it was ligated to allEcoli vector and a yeast vector to construct the cell
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