促成栽培方式下不同处理对草莓生长影响研究.docVIP

促成栽培方式下不同处理对草莓生长的影响研究 　　摘 要：在促成栽培方式下，该文以“红颜”草莓品种为试验材料，研究了秸秆反应堆覆盖、喷施赤霉素和40W植物生物灯补光等三种处理对草莓的物候期、植株生长特性以及产量的影响。结果表明：秸秆反应堆覆盖处理对打破草莓植株的休眠有促进作用，草莓植株的结果期比对照组提前6d，成活率高达91%，且氮素含量与叶绿素相对含量最高，分别为3.31mg/g和46.61%，草莓产量显著增加，达19 249.65kg/hm2。喷施赤霉素处理的草莓植株生长势中等，成活率只有83%，对草莓的生物学性状与经济学性状没有明显的提高。40W植物生物灯补光处理对打破草莓休眠有一定的效果，且易于实施。组合处理对于草莓的生长影响不大，且果实硬度只有1.22kg/cm3，果实耐储性较差。 　　关键词：草莓；栽培方式；植株生长 　　中图分类号 S66 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2016）18-0062-03 　　Study on the Effect of Different Treatments on the Forcing Culture of Strawberry 　　Jin Xiaowei1 et al. 　　（1College of Horticulture，Xinjiang Agricultural University，Urumqi 830052，China） 　　Abstract：In the cultivation mode under the condition of “Confidante” strawberry varieties as test materials，studied the cultivation mode in the straw reactor cover，spraying gibberellin and 40W plant bio light light treatment effect on the growth characteristics，phenological period and the yield of strawberry plants. The results showed that straw mulching treatment reactor has a promoting effect on breaking dormancy of strawberry，strawberry plants were 6 days earlier than the control group，the survival rate is as high as 91%，and the nitrogen content and chlorophyll content was the highest，3.31mg/g and 46.61% respectively. The survival rate was only 83%，and there was no significant improvement on the biological characters and economic characters of strawberry. 40W lamp light treatment plant biological on breaking dormancy of strawberry have certain effect，and easy to implement.The combination treatment had little effect on the growth of strawberry，and the fruit hardness was only 1.22kg/cm3. 　　Key words：Strawberry；Cultivation mode；Vegetative growth 　　草莓（Fragaria spp.），属蔷薇科（Rosaceae）、草莓属（Fragaria L.）多年生宿根性草本植物，又名红莓、洋莓、地莓等，外观呈心形，鲜美红嫩，果肉多汁，含有特殊的浓郁水果芳香[1-2]。其果实中的维生素含量居各类水果前列，还含有多种糖类、有机酸及丰富的矿物质，被誉为“水果皇后”，除作为水果鲜食之外，还能制成果酱、蜜饯以及饮料添加物等多种深加工食品，因此，草莓在国内外具有广阔的市场前景，倍受消费者青睐。 　　在草莓进入休眠之前，利用人工的方式给予长日照，高温或者喷施赤霉素处理，阻止植株进入休眠，使其继续生长，此种栽培方式被称之为促成栽培[3]。促成栽培可以使草莓提早开花结果，更早地进入市场。在我国北方地