俄罗斯环境领域人才培养研究.docVIP

俄罗斯环境领域的人才培养研究 　　[摘 要]本文的研究表明人类活动和其他风险因素对环境的影响与日俱增，指出俄罗斯在环境安全领域呈现出消极趋势，这既体现在反映环境的诸多层面和人口生存力的“环境绩效指数”的整体指标值上，也体现在与大气污染物浓度有关的特定参数上。有害的工作环境导致职业病的不断增长，这也是在企业就业中亟待解决的问题。破解这一困境的良方在于通过开展持续的环境教育来提高民众的环保意识，改变对环境的消费态度。环境安全人才的培养存在以下问题：就业导向活动少，国家和企业在环境教育上合作水平低，教育标准不能充分反映出联邦环境立法方面的持续变化。 　　[关键词]终生环境教育;环境安全;环境绩效指数;俄罗斯 　　[中图分类号]C961;X24 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1674-6848（2015）06-0111-06 　　[作者简介]加林娜?瓦连经诺夫娜?列翁妮多娃（1964― ），女，经济学博士，俄罗斯科学院区域社会经济发展研究所实验室主任，主要从事人才培养和劳动经济研究;克先妮亚?阿列克桑德罗夫娜?乌斯京诺娃（1987― ），女，经济学博士，俄罗斯科学院区域社会经济发展研究所研究助理，主要从事人力资本与创新发展研究。 　　[译者简介]姜浩（1978― ），男，湖北荆州人，华东交通大学外国语学院讲师，主要从事翻译理论和实践研究;王?（1993― ），女，浙江金华人，华东交通大学外国语学院硕士研究生，主要从事翻译实践研究（江西南昌 330013）。 　　Title： Issues of Personnel Training in the Sphere of Environment 　　By： Galina Valentinovna Leonidova amp; Kseniya Aleksandrovna Ustinova 　　Abstract： The paper presents the results of the study showing the increasing influence of anthropogenic and other risk factors on the environment. The authors point out negative trends in the sphere of environmental safety in Russia; these trends are reflected in the values of the integral indicator of “environmental performance index”， which describes various aspects of the environment and the viability of the population; these trends are also reflected in the individual parameters associated in particular with the concentration of pollutants in atmospheric air. The study has found out that there still remains an urgent problem of employment at enterprises with harmful and hazardous working conditions， which is accompanied by the growth of occupational diseases. The authors show that the way out of this situation is to promote people’s desire to protect the environment and to overcome consumer’s attitude towards the environment by organizing continuous environmental education. The following problems in the training in the field of environmental security are defined： the weakening of career guidance activities， the low level of partnership between the state and business in the field of environmen