对我国农村养老模式探讨.docVIP

对我国农村养老模式探讨 　　[摘要]改革开放以来,随着城镇化进程的加快,土地流转政策的实施,农村青壮年劳动力的迁移,同时,我国医疗体制的改革,医疗水平的提高,老年人的健康水平的提高,老龄基数增大,高龄老人比例高,老龄化程度加剧。老龄化问题解决不好不仅给农民家庭带来负担,不利于整个社会经济的发展,而且,可能引起社会治安问题,不利于社会的稳定。因此,对农村养老问题进行研究很有必要。文章在分析农村已有的养老模式和国家对土地改革,支持土地流转政策的基础上提出以“土地养老”为经济基础,以“家庭养老”提供居住环境,以“社区养老”提供看护照料三者相结合的一种综合性的农村养老模式。 　　 　　[关键词]老龄化;农村;养老模式;土地流转 　　 　　[[[中图分类号]][F323.89][[文献标识码]][A][[文章编号]][1002-736X(2010)03-0094-03]] 　　 　　The Discussion on the Model of the Support for the Aged in China 　　Zhou Yuefeng, Liu Min 　　(College of Economics and Management, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116622) 　　 　　Abstract: Since reform and opening up, with the growth of urbanization and land circulation policys implementation and the migration of young adults labor in rural area, as well as by the medical service systems reform, the medical level and the health standard of the aged are enhanced, the old age cardinal number increases, the proportion of elderly person gets high, the degree of aging aggravates. If the aging problem can not be well settled down, it would bring burden to the farmers family as well as harm the development of the entire social economy. Moreover, it could cause social order problem and does not favor social stability. Therefore, it is necessary to research the aging problem in rural areas. Based on the analysis of the current supporting model for the aged in rural areas, the policy of land reform and the support of the land circulation, this paper proposes a comprehensive model of rural retirement with The Land Retirement as the economic basis, The Family Retirement provides housing and The Community Retirement provides nursing. 　　Key words:aging; rural area; the model of the support for the aged; land circulation 　　 　　一、引言 　　 　　我国改革开放以来,随着城镇化进程的加快,国家土地流转政策的实施,使得许多农村青壮年劳动力转移到城镇务工、经商,这种转移的直接后果就是使得留在农村的大多数人口都是“儿童团、娘子军、老年队”,造成农村人口老龄化速度加快。另外,随着我国医疗体制的改革,医疗水平的提高,老年人的健康水平得到提高,计划生育国策的深入推行,老年人口比例逐年增大,数量逐渐增多,老年人养老问题就显得尤为突出。① 　　人口老龄化给农民家庭带来了负担,抑制了农村消费和农民的购买力,不利于整个社会经济的可持续发展。②③同时,农村养