成语中的动物隐喻——基于词典的英汉认知对比分析-animal metaphor in idioms —— a contrastive analysis of english and chinese cognition based on dictionaries.docxVIP

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成语中的动物隐喻——基于词典的英汉认知对比分析-animal metaphor in idioms —— a contrastive analysis of english and chinese cognition based on dictionaries.docx

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成语中的动物隐喻——基于词典的英汉认知对比分析-animal metaphor in idioms —— a contrastive analysis of english and chinese cognition based on dictionaries

PAGE PAGE iv systematic collection of corpora in English and Chinese will be carried out from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. More specifically, the scope of mappings, the differentiation of positively valued or negatively valued meaning extensions, the characteristics of the target domains and so on and so forth are investigated. The author chooses one idiom dictionary in English and in Chinese respectively and establishes a closed corpus of animal idioms. Alice Deignan (2001) summarized the most frequently used animal names and classified them into two types: the general terms and the particular kind of animals. She further classifies the second type into three specific types: the domestic animals, the farm animals and the wild animals. Taking his summary as the reference, the author collects 49 animal idioms including 14 kinds of animals in English and 215 animal idioms including 15 kinds of animals in Chinese. 12 pairs of corresponding animals in the two languages are finally established for comparison. Based on the analysis of the data, conclusions are made as follows. Firstly, most animals are used to construct the HUAMAN BEINGS ARE ANIMALS metaphor which takes up 94.78%. Other metaphors are also found. They are UNPLEASANT SITUATIONS ARE ANIMALS, OBJECTS OF POOR QUALITY ARE ANIMALS and PRECIOUS OBJECTS ARE ANIMALS. Secondly, a larger number of animal idioms are negatively valued which take up 67.5% and 62.5% in English and Chinese respectively. Thirdly, meaning extensions of each animal in English differ considerably with the ones in Chinese. Only 6 kinds of animals coincide in 7 meaning extensions which take up only 10.37%. Although the same animal image in the two languages does not often extend meanings in the same way, English and Chinese people sometimes use different animal images to express the same meaning. 11 meaning extensions fall into this case. Additionally, some meaning extensions are shared by different animal image