琴者一器 声色无穷 ——以项祖华作品为例探索扬琴音 色之美-the piano players expression is endless - taking xiang zuhuas works as an example to explore the beauty of the tone and color of the dulcimer.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 笔者随项祖华先生习琴十二载，感悟最深的是先生音乐作品中所蕴含的人文 精神和美学深意。在笔者看来，音色是在项式音乐作品二度创作中，把握其艺术 魅力的关键。本文以扬琴音色之“美”为探索“锚点”，选取两个主要维度探讨 “美”，包括常态之美、变化之美。首先，从理论角度重点论述了扬琴音色的常 态之美，即了解扬琴物理特性的前提下，利用规范的发音动作结合常态的心理状 态，演奏出扬琴最本色的声音；而后，在本质之上论变化，分析阐述了扬琴音色 的变化之美，即综合运用演奏技法和击弦方式，合理调动心理因素，演奏出符合 情感需求丰富多变的音色。最后，从实际演奏出发，以项氏六首扬琴作品《苏武 牧羊》、《林冲夜奔》、《弹词三六》、《夏莲》、《神山圣水》、《竹林涌翠》为例分析 了如何合理运用笔者归纳总结的“竹之法”、“手之法”、“心之法”，从而准确地 设计、把握、控制音色，使万千声色为我所用，为情所用，最终演奏出深刻而动 人的扬琴作品。 关键词：扬琴音色 演奏技法 击弦方式 心理因素 音色变化 i Abstract I have been learning Yangqin from Mr. Xiang zuhua for twelve years, impressed by the humanistic spirit and aesthetic insight in his compositions particularly, in author’s opinion, the timbre is the key to master Xiang’s humanistic spirit and aesthetic insight in recreation. This article uses the beautiful timbre as the key point to explore, and selects two dimensions to analyze the beauty, including intrinsic beauty and variational beauty. Firstly, it discusses the natural beauty of Yangqin timbre in theory aspect, means that realizing the physical characteristic of Yangqin, and then utilizes regular operation to combine with normal state of mind to play the intrinsic timbre; Then, variational beauty, means that using expression techniques and hammered string with adaptive mind to express colorful timbre. At last but not least, in the view of actual expression, take six Xiang’s composition as example, i.e. “Suwu Tending Sheep”, “Tan Ci San Liu”, “Summer Lotus”, “Lin Chong Fled at Night” etc, analyzes how to use the “Method of Amboo”, “Method of fingures”, “Method of Mind” to accurately design, handle, control the timbre, makes the timber serve for people’s emotion to express profound and touching Yangqin compositions. Keywords: Yangqin timbre expression skill method of hammered string mental factor timbre variation ii 目 录 HYPERLINK \l _bookmark0 摘要 i HYPERLINK \l _bookmark1 Abstract ii HYPERLINK \l _bookmark2 绪论..................................................................................................