二胺衍生物的合成及其胶凝性能的研究-有机化学专业论文.docxVIP

Abstract Low-molecular-mass organic gelators (LMOGs) have attracted widespread attention of chemists and biochemists due to their unique supramolecular structures and potential application in the fabrication of sensors, photochemistry and electrochemistry. A series of LMOGs were synthesized and their gelation abilities, morphologies as well as self-assembly behaviors in gel state were investigated in detail. Furthermore, a rational mechanism of the formation of organogels was proposed on base of our studies. We obtained some creative results, which were outlined as follows: （1） We synthesized several monochain derivatives of ethylenediamine, which showed strongly gelation ability in a number of organic solvents. The gel melting (Tgel) for toluene gel with 15mg/Ml of the homologues 1-6 increases with increasing alkyl chain length from eight to eighteen carbon atoms. For different concentration, the Tgel increases with increasing concentration and then keeps a certain temperature. Scanning electron microscope（SEM）images reveals a number of fibers with the width in the range of 2-5μm, juxtaposed and intertwined by several long slender aggregations to construct 3D network. FT-IR spectrum demonstrated that the hydrogen bonding in gels and solid powder had some similarities and hydrocarbon chain of organogelator molecules adopted all trans-zigzag conformation in organogels. Via contrastive experiments, we also found that enough intermolecular hydrogen bonding was essential in the formation of organogels. The XRD pattern of the gel cast film shows periodical diffraction peaks, indicating that 1-6 indeed assemble into an ordered structure. It was found that the long spacing (Dn) is smaller than twice the corresponding evaluated molecular lengths (Ln), but much larger than the length of one molecule, demonstrating that the gel aggregates consist of a repeating bilayer unit. According to the linear relationship of the long spacing (Dn) and the alkyl length (n), the title ang