发动机缸体镀镍性能研究-动力工程专业论文.docx

随着发动机轻量化趋势日益显现, 近年来，中大排量摩托车发动机在缸体 轻量化方面不断改进，全铝合金 Ni-SiC 电镀缸体具有和铝活塞的热膨胀系数相 同、导热性好和重量轻的优势，应用越来越广泛。提高 Ni-SiC 镀层附着力是保 证无铸铁缸套全铝合金气缸体性能满足要求的关键。 1、本文以提高 Ni-SiC 镀层附着力为目标，选择存在典型问题的样品，以 微观结构表征和解析的方法，推断引起该问题的微观结构特征。 2、以 650mL 发动机为例，为改善其附着力提出工艺改进方案并制作样件， 通过金相显微镜对其改善前后的微观结构特征进行对比，确认引发附着力问题 的微观结构特征在改善后消除。 3、改善后的样件搭载发动机进行 300h 的耐久性试验，对试验前后缸孔及 相关零件尺寸进行测量和数据对比，以及试验前后发动机的性能对比，运动部 件磨损量和整机性能劣化均在正常合格范围内。进一步证实，改善有效。 通过上述分析和实践改进，证明本文最初对导致 Ni-SiC 附着力不够的微观 结构机理认定准确，本文所提出的提高附着力的工艺改进措施对改善该微观结 构有效，最终气缸体内表面宏观结构和整机性能得以明显改善。 本文总结的常见镀镍过程中易出现的问题及失效模式，包括宏观和微观尺 度上的原因分析方法和判定依据可为今后进一步对镀镍进行研究、并在实际运 用过程中进行广泛推广提供了一定的经验，具有较高的参考价值。 关键词：发动机；轻量化；镀镍；气缸体；性能 I With the demand of light weight engine is more stronger ,in the past few years, the large capacity engine is improving and working on the light weight cylinder block. The aluminum nickel plating cylinder has the same coefficient of thermal expansion with piston, has these strong points for better thermal conductivity and light weight, application are more popular. The improving for adhesion of Ni-SiC plating is the key point to ensure the aluminum cylinder block performance meeting requirement . This study makes the improving of SiC plating adhesion as the target, chooses the samples with typical problems, analyzes with characterization of microstructure method, surmise the microstructure of root cause for this failure. As an example with 650mL engine, present the process correcting proposal to improve the adhesion. Making the samples and comparing the metallographic structure for the improved parts and before. After improving, confirmation the microstructure feature caused the adhesion failure eliminated. Assemble the improved parts to engine for 300h enduring test. Comparing with dimension of the cylinder and relative parts after testing and before, also comparing with the performance of engine, the wear extent of parts and degradation rate of engine performance both are in the tolerance, so reach the goal and the improvement is effecti