英语定语从句用法教学探索.docVIP

英语定语从句用法教学探索 　　摘 要:在句中起定语作用的从句称为定语从句，分为限制性和非限制性定语从句。引导定语从句的引导词是关系代词和关系副词。 　　关键词:英语；名词从句；用法；教学探索 　　中图分类号：G424 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-4117（2011）09-0288-02 　　英语多用主从复合句，汉语多用并列句。因此，要想学好英语，掌握从句的用法非常重要。定语从句的用法是英语教学的一个重点，也是英语学习的一个难点，学生们在日常学习和考试中对定语从句的用法也常存有疑问，本文探索了定语从句的教学要点。 　　定语从句（形容词性从句）：用来修饰、说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中的一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫做定语从句。分为限制性和非限制性定语从句。英语的定语从句通常紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词后，但译成汉语时，则常常把定语从句放在所修饰的词的前面。定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为“先行词”。 　　一、关系代词引导的定语从句 　　（一）关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并且作定语从句的一个成分（主语、宾语、定语）。即，关系代词有三个作用：一是引导定语从句；二是指代先行词；三是作定语从句的一个成分（主语、宾语、定语）。 　　This is the detective who came from London. 　　The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. 　　The desk whose leg is broken is very old. 　　This is the room that/which Shakespeare was born in. 　　（二）关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词与所修饰的词的人称和数要一致 　　The nurse who is on duty takes care of the patients. 　　The nurses who are on duty take care of the patients. 　　Note: the only one of + 复数名词，后接定语从句时，从句里的动词用单数。 　　 作主语时，谓语动词用单数 　　One of + 复数名词 后接定语从句时 :1、关系代词指of后的复数名词时，从句动词用复数；2、关系代词指one时，从句动词用单数。 　　He is the only one of the students who has passed CET6. 　　This is one of the presents which were given to me by my friends. 　　（三）在限制性定语从句中作及物动词宾语的关系代词常可省略。在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词不能省略，也不能用that 　　I know the man (whom/that) you met yesterday. 　　There is no difficulty (which/that) we cannot overcome. 　　（四）介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句：用whom指人，which指物，不能用that。用哪个介词，要视句子的意思而定 　　He is a man from whom we should all learn. 　　This is the laboratory in which he made his experiment. 　　1、在非限制性定语从句中，of which/whom前可以有数词、名词及all, any, both, few, enough, many, most, none, several, some等； 　　There are fifty students in the class, sixty percent of whom are boys. 　　There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom are well educated. 　　2、在口语中一般都把介词放到从句的后面，这时可以用that，但省略的时候更多一些。 　　He is a man (whom/that) we should all learn from. 　　Here is the book (which/that) you have been looking for. 　　3、像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to