基层法院的困境与对策——以湖南省衡阳市基层法院为考察对象-法律专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 党的十六大报告指出“社会主义司法制度必须保障全社会实现 公平和正义。”在此意义上，可以认为基层法院是我国人民司法体 制的基础，是推进依法治国方略的前提，是实现公民合法权益的前 沿，进而也是保障全社会实现公平和正义的基石。基层法院是我国 法院体制的基础，其运行状况直接决定着我国法院体制的品质，因 此，对我国基层法院制度进行实证研究，具有重要的理论意义和现 实意义。本文旨在通过对某一地区下设的全部基层法院运行现状的 调查研究，运用实证分析方法，以揭示出我国法院目前普遍存在的 一些问题，进而从立法角度阐述司法独立与法院机构设置的关系， 并提出若干解决问题的对策。本文中，作者结合我国法院的实际， 对司法独立的法理依据、立法保障以及实践状况进行了全面分析， 并认为司法独立的完整内涵是司法权独立、法院独立和法官独立。 本文在参考我国司法改革的最新理论与实践的成果基础上，提出下 述主张：以司法独立为目标或基础，重新建构我国法院组织机构： 应当从立法上对基层法院的意义、作用及组织机构进行重新定位。 作为实现上述主张的基础条件，作者认为，必须对现行宪法和法院 组织法、法官法以及刑事、民事、行政诉讼法等相关法律进行修改 和完善。另外，本文还基于我国法院制度改革的特点和方式，就基 层法院制度改革提出了若干切实可行的建议。 关键词：基层法院司法独立组织机构改革 AbstractIn Abstract In the report of the 1 6”CPC congress，it is firmly stated that socialist judicial system should safeguard the completion of social fairness and justiee．This means the basic court can be regarded as the base on which people’S judicial system in china forms，the premise of implementing the strategy of ruling by law,the frontier in realization of civilian’S legal rights and interests，and as the cornerstone on which substantial social justice and fairness fullfill．It is safe to say that the basic court is the base on which Chinese court system forms，and the functional quality of the laRer iS directly decided by the functional reality of the forn3er．So positive research on the basic court system in china is of both theoretical and practical importance．Based on investigation and review on functional situation of all the basic courts in a particular district，the author uncovers，in way of positive analysis，certain common problems faced by coups in china，analyzes in perspective of legislation the realationship between judicial independence and establishment of court organatzation．and puts forward some related proposal for the problems listed in this thesis． The jurisprudence、legislative safeguard and functional situation of judicial independence are being fully discussed combined with the functional reality of Chinese courts．The author comes to a conclution that independence ofju