初中现在完成时精讲与专练.docxVIP

现在完成时精讲和专练 基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done) 句型： 肯定句：主语+have/ has+过去分词+其他 否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他. 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他. 简略答语：Yes,主语+ have/has.(肯定) No,主语 + havent/hasnt.f否定) ?过去分词 1、 规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。 四点变化规则： ^ 一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work-??worked???worked ,visit—visited—visited 、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live—lived—lived , 、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将“y”变为 T ,再加“ ed ”。 study—studied—studied ,cry—cried—cried 、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop-??stopped???stopped , drop-??dropped??dropped 2、 不规则动词: AAA型 hurt hurt hurt let let let cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit put put put set set set read read read AAB型 beat beat beaten ABA型 become became become run ran run come came come ABB型 bring brought brought buy bought bought build built built burn burnt burnt catch caught caught dig dug dug feel felt felt fight fought fought first  find found found hear heard heard hold held held keep kept kept lay laid laid lead led led lose lost lost make made made meet met met sell sold sold shoot shot shot sit sat sat stand stood stood sweep swept swept teach taught taught tell told told think thought thought win won won ABC型 begin began begun break broke broken choose chose chosen draw drew draw n drive drove driven drink dra nk drunk fly flew flown forgive forgave forgiven forget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen give gave given grow grew grow n know knew known ride rode ridden rise rose risen ring rang rung shake shook shaken sing sang sung sink sank sunk swim swam swum throw threw thrown write wrote writte n 用法 （A）现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 I have spent all of my money （so far）.（影响是:现在我没有钱花了。） I havent read Little Women yet? （影响是：我对小妇人这本书不了解。） 常见标志词：ever, never, so far （到目前为止），in the past/last few days （在过去几天），already （已 经；肯定句），yet （已经；否定，疑问句）‘before （以前）‘recently （近来）,just （刚刚），twice等 说明：already与yet都有“已绘啲意思，但already常用于肯定句，并用于句中。yet常用于否定句和 疑问句，并用于句末。例如： I have already finished my homework. I havent finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework y