Migraine偏头痛中英双语版.ppt

Key point It is necessary to understand and hold the Diagnostic criterion of migraine with aura and migraine without aura. 40 ’ * * * - * k * - * k * migraine 偏 头 痛 Chongqing University of Medical Science * Migraine is manifested by headache that is a recurrence, usually unilateral and frequently pulsatile in quality 搏动性; it is often associated with nausea, vomiting, photophobia畏光, phonophobia惧声 and lassitude乏力. Visual or other neurologic auras神经学先兆 occur in about 10% of patients. The onset is early in life approximately 25% beginning during the first decade, 55% by 20 years of age, more than 90% before age 40. * A.Cause and pathogenesis The real causes and the pathogenesis and pathophysiologic course of migraine is unknown. 1.Certain foods: tyramine酪胺-containing cheeses,meat,such as hot dogs or bacon,with nitrite亚硝酸preservatives, chocolate containing but not chocolate alone. Food additives: monosodium glutamate谷氨酸一钠； Fasting禁食; Emotion情绪; Menses月经; Drugs:especially oral contraceptive agents; vasodilators (nitriglycerin硝酸甘油) Brights lights may also trigger or precipitate attacks. * 2. Genetics: About 60% patients of migraine have families . Three genetic loci for familial hemiplegic migraine（偏瘫型)have been identified 3. Endocrine factor 内分泌异常 Gender: women men (2/3 to 3/4 of cases occur in women); Headache mostly occurs before or menacme月经期 in women , and the headache becomes reduction or stopping in pregnancy and after menopause绝经. The migraine also stops in men of after climacterium更年期. * 4. vasomotor and autonomic 血管运动和自律神经 Intracranial vasoconstriction and extracranial vasodilatation have long be