生物化学教学课件：Protein Structure.pptVIP

* right-twisted beta sheets, 大多beta sheet平面不是平整的小角度扭曲 * b-pleated sheet贝塔折叠 * During the time Pauling was researching the problem, Rosalind Franklin in England was creating the worlds best images. They were key to Watsons and Cricks success. Pauling did not see them before devising his mistaken DNA structure, although his assistant Robert Corey did see at least some of them, while taking Paulings place at a summer 1952 protein conference in England. Pauling had been prevented from attending because his passport was withheld by the State Department on suspicion that he had Communist sympathies. This led to the legend that Pauling missed the structure of DNA because of the politics of the day * 没考虑到非整数的可能，每3个氨基酸残基组成一圈， * delta * 脯氨酸因自身结构角度迫使beta转角出现，甘氨酸因为灵活容易出现beta转角 * Keratin角蛋白 protofilament 原丝 protofibril原纤丝 * oxoglutarate酮戊二酸 succinate琥珀酸（丁二酸）Ascorbic抗坏血酸， dehydroAscorbic脱氢抗坏血酸 prolyl 4-hydroxylase脯氨酸4-羟基化酶 Lyslyl 4-hydroxylase(赖氨酸4-羟基化酶) * 结构与蚕丝相近，但强度更大 * 二十面体 * Polypeptides fold rapidly by stepwise process * * * Death by misfolding: the prion diseases (1) Normal brain tissue Spongy brain tissue Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies Animal Scrapie:羊搔痒病 BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) (Mad cow disease ) Human CJD: Creutzfeld-Jacob Disease，克雅氏病 GSS: Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome， GSS综合症 FFI: Fatal familial Insomnia，致死性家庭失眠症 Kuru：库鲁病 Alpers Syndrome * Death by misfolding: the prion diseases (3) 1982，Stanley B. Prusiner coined the word “prion” refer to “protein infectious particle” 1997， Stanley B. Prusiner won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine * Death by misfolding: the prion diseases (4) PrPC PrPSC PrP ＝ Prion Protein C ＝ Cellular Sc ＝ Scrapie PrPSC further induces PrPC into PrPSC * * Need： Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI） Peptidyl prolyl isomerases (PPIases) Molecular chaperones are proteins that interact with partially folded or improperly folded polypeptides, facilitating correct folding pathways or providin