第12讲被动式的翻译.ppt

2.3 以 it 作为形式主语的被动句的翻译 ? It is hoped/said that … ? 希望 ……/ 据说 …… ? It is reported that … ? 据报导 …… ? It is supposed that … ? 据推测 …… ? It may be said without fear of exaggeration that … ? 可以毫不夸张地说 …… ? It must be admitted that … ? 必须承认 …… ? It must be pointed out that… ? 由此可见 ? It will be seen from this that … ? 由此可见 …… 不加主语 2.3 以 it 作为形式主语的被动句的翻译 ? It is asserted that … ? 有人主张 …… ? It is well known that … ? 大家都知道 / 众所周知 …… ? It is believed that … ? 有人主张 …… ? It is generally considered that … ? 大家认为（普遍认为） ? It will be said that … ? 有人会说 ? It was told that … ? 有人曾经说 …… 可加主语 3 、对原文意义重组 ? 语言是变化多样的。英语被动结构的句子 的译法灵活多样 , 无定规可循 , 无一成不 变的格式可套 , 就连被动语态的原来结构也 可以打破 , 译成新的其他句型。 例 ? The conflict was intensified by the different way in which the countries set out after they achieved independence between the two World Wars. ? 这一矛盾由于这些国家在两次世界大战中 间取得独立后 , 起步的路子不同 而加深了 。 点评 ? 本例对原文的意义进行了重组。 ? 要对原文的意义进行重组，译者必须首先 吃透原文所表达的意义，再结合汉语的地 道表达将原文的意思表达出来。 More examples ? Many of their evenings and most of their Sundays were passed in each others company. ? 许多夜晚和大多数星期天，他们都形影不 离。 More examples ? This cooperation is rendered without calculation, without ulterior motive and without mercantile interest. ? 进行合作时没有其他考虑 , 没有不可告人 的用心 , 也不惟利是图。 More examples ? Not to be served . But to serve . ? 非以役人 , 乃役于人。 这是香港中华基督教青年会郭琳褒 纪念堂奠基石上的刻字。主动语态 与被动语态在这里进行了巧妙的转换， 而中国博大精深的古代文化在 这里也得到了淋漓尽致的体现。 练习： [ 文学语篇中的被动语态 ] ? Therefore, when he was 12, Benjamin was sent to assist his half-brother James who had a printing shop. There, surrounded by books, young Ben would often stay up late into the night reading on a wide range of subjects; and as he read, he practiced improving his own style of writing. ? 于是 12 岁的时候，本杰明就 被送到 同父异母的哥哥詹 姆斯的印刷所里帮忙。在那里，年幼的本杰明 被包围 在书海之中，他常常看到深夜，广泛阅读各种题材的 书籍；一边读书，一边练习提高自己的写作风格。 练习： [ 科技语篇中的被动语态 ] ? As oil is found deep