财政支出对城乡收入差距影响的实证分析.doc

PAGE PAGE 21 财政支出对城乡收入差距影响的实证分析：以浙江省为例 摘要：改革开放以来，中国经济腾飞，人民生活水平得以提高。但伴随而来的社会问题也日趋严重，其中不断扩大的城乡居民收入差距问题最为突出。在我国城乡居民收入差距较大的背景下，为有效解决收入差距问题，政府这只“无形的手”需要干预收入再分配过程，以保证社会公平、促进社会和谐。理论上考虑到财政支出作为一种经济手段，是可以间接有效地影响收入分配。 目前已有文献中，许多学者虽然站在不同的角度分析，但他们衡量收入分配差距的指标均选取基尼系数，利用描述财政支出和收入分配关系的库兹涅茨的倒U规律进行深入分析和验证。但研究城乡收入差距的影响因素时往往只关注了总支出中的某一项。本文基于财政支出调节城乡收入差距理论基础上，采用描述性和实证分析两种方式，以财政总支出为起点，探究其对城乡收入差距的影响。 关键词：城乡收入差距、财政支出、格兰杰因果检验、方差修正模型 The Empirical Analysis about the Impact of the Fiscal Expenditure Structure on the Urban-Rural Income Inequality Abstract: Since the implement of Chinese reform and opening-up policy ,the quality of people’s life has been improved gradually with the rapid development of national economy. However, social problems come with the economic development, and urban-rural income inequality forms a growing trend which draws broad attention . Under this background, the government with the visible hands needs to intervene the process of income redistribution in order to effectively curb the trend of widening urban-rural income gap and keep social security fair which can promote social harmony. Theoretically, fiscal structure is a kind of effective economic means which directly or indirectly affects the income distribution. From many researches, we can see that different scholars have conducted analysis in many views. Most of them use the gini coefficient to measure the income gap and analysis and verify the relation between the economic growth and income distribution. However, they just consider one part of the fiscal structure when analyzing the factors of income inequality. On the theoretical base of researches about the fiscal expenditure, this article wants to probe the impact of the fiscal total expenditure on the urban-rural income gap on the base of analyzing the causes of income gap. Keywords: urban-rural income gap, fiscal expenditure , Granger test，error correction model 一、引言 为了解决城乡收入差距带来的社会问题，近年来，在中央政府的努力下，广大农民开始感受到 “惠农”政策带来的切身好处。但是伴随经济腾飞而来的是城乡收入差距呈现出不断扩大的趋势，说