系统解剖学英文版教学课件：Section 3 The Autonomic Nervous System.pptVIP

Section 3 The Autonomic Nervous System The autonomic (or visceral or vegetative) nervous system innervates the viscera , cardiovascular system and glands. And contains two groups of fibers: afferent fibers and efferent fibers. The efferent fibers are divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. Parasympathetic divisionParasympathetic divisionSympathetic division The sympathetic division (system) ( or thoracolumbar division) lateral horn of T1 (or C8) -L2 (or L3) segments of the spinal cord(preganglionic neurons) →preganglionic fibers → sympathetic ganglia (postganglionic neurons) →postganglionic fibers → vicera 1. Sympathetic ganglia include the paravertebral ganglia and the prevertebral ganglia.(1) The paravertebral gangliacervical ganglia: 3. cervicothoracic (stellate) ganglionthoracic ganglia: 11-12lumbar ganglia: 3-4sacral ganglia: 2-3 form the sympathetic trunk, jointed at impar ganglion Inf. cervical ganglionMid. cervical ganglionSup. cervical ganglionSuperior cervical ganglion Thoracic ganglion Lumbar ganglionSacral ganglionGanglion impar (2) The prevertebral ganglia celiac ganglion aorticorenal ganglion superior mesenteric inferior mesenteric 2. The communicating branches connect the sympathetic ganglion with the corresponding spinal nerve and include the white and grey communicating branches . 3. The general distributions of the sympathetic nerves (1)lateral horn of T1 –T5→preganglionic fibers →the corresponding sympathetic ganglia (C1-3 and T1-5 paravertebral ganglia) → postganglionic fibers→vicera of the head ,neck and thorax; blood vessels, sweat gland and arrectores pilorum of the upper limb. T1-T5L1-L2(or L3) (2) lateral horn of T5 –T12→ preganglionic fibers →the corresponding sympathetic ganglia (T5-12 paravertebral ganglia and the celiac, the aorticorenal ganglia ) → postganglionic fibers→vicera of the abdomen and the alimentary tract anterior to the left colic flexure. Greater splanchnic ne