湿地生态系统土壤粘粒矿物组成特征研究.pdfVIP

湿地生态系统土壤粘粒矿物组成特征研究.pdf

湿地生态系统土壤粘粒矿物组成特征研究

摘要：以吉林省7种不同类型土壤（沼泽土、草甸土、潜育黑土、潜育白浆土、水稻土、泥炭土、暗棕壤）为研

究对象，在野外采样和室内分析的基础上，对湿地土壤质地及化学组成进行分析，研究土壤粘粒矿物组成特征，

探讨其形成机理及演化规律。结果表明：1）土壤质地类型均为壤质土；2）土壤化学组成以SiO、AlO和FeO

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为主，且w(SiO+AlO+FeO)＞80%；3）土壤硅铝率、硅铝铁率呈现出相同的趋势，潜育黑土＞草甸土＞泥炭土

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＞暗棕壤＞沼泽土＞潜育白浆土＞水稻土；4）草甸土、潜育白浆土的粘粒矿物组成以伊利石为主，其他土壤均以

伊蒙混层为主；5）利用同步辐射装置对暗棕壤进行对比分析，鉴定出了常规光谱中未被识别的矿物（斜长石、伊

/蛭混层）。同步辐射衍射光谱具有扫描辨识度强等多种优势，可以成为土壤粘粒矿物特性分析的有效技术。

关键词：湿地生态系统；土壤质地；粘粒矿物组成；X射线衍射光谱；同步辐射衍射光谱

Astudyoncomponentcharacteristicsofclaymineralsin

soilsofthewetlandecosystem

Abstract:Sevendifferenttypesofsoils(marshysoil,meadowsoil,gleyicphaiozems,gleyalbicsoil,paddysoil,peatsoil,

anddarkbrownsoil)inJilinProvincewereselectedasresearchsubjectsofthispaper.Basedonfieldsamplingand

laboratoryanalysis,wehaveanalyzedtexturesandchemicalcompositionsofthosewetlandsoils,studiedcomponent

characteristicsofclaymineralsinthosesoils,andthendiscussedformationmechanismsandevolutionaryregulationsof

thosesoils.Theresultsareshownbelow.(1)Allsoilshavetexturetypeofloamysoil.(2)Chemicalcompositionsofsoils

aredominatedbySiO,AlOandFeO,withthesumoftheircontentsofover80%.(3)Silica-Aluminaratiosand

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Silica-sesquioxideratiosofsoilsarechangedwithsametrendastheyaredecreasedsubsequentlywiththevariationof

differenttypesofsoilsfromthegleyicphaiozems,meadowsoil,peatsoil,darkbrownsoil,marshysoil,gleyalbicsoil,to