影响新加坡华文教育的主要因素.pdfVIP

摘 要 新加坡的华文教育是政府非常重视的问题。不仅制定“英语+母语”的教育政策，而且 还强调母语必须要通过每年一次的中小学升学考试；母语是指每个民族必须 学习自己的 民族传统文化和语言。政府从1979 年至今积极推广和提倡 “讲华语运动”；但是，华语教 育在新加坡却是一直处于令人担忧的状态。双语政策被多次修改，特别是针对华文教育的 政策修改的更加频繁。华族是新加坡国家最大的民族，占全国总人口的77%，仅从 1992 年至2004 年就进行了三次重大的华文教育检讨和改革。华族不仅在人数上占绝对优势， 而且在政治上、经济上位高权重，为新加坡的社会做出了极大的贡献，但新加坡的华语教 育不强反弱（陈华之，2004 ），华语的使用人数和水平都在下降，这是为什么？围绕新加 坡华文教育的争议一直不断。随着全球化时代的到来，正是需要双语或是多语人才之际， 如何保持新加坡双语的优势，如何加强华语教育，分析其下滑的原因，总结经验教训是当 前急迫的任务。为此，探讨和寻找新加坡华文教育所面临的问题，研讨解决问题之办法具 有广泛而深刻的现实意义。本文在大量查阅文献、注重收集第一手资料的前提下，从学习 者本身找内因和外因，内因指学生学习的动机和态度；外因包括教材、教师、社会环境和 文化环境等。 关键词：华文；华语；华文教育；新加坡 i Abstract The government of Singapore has consistently attached importance to the teaching of Chinese, which has formulated the policy of “English plus mother language” and also instituted the regulation that a student has to pass the test of the mother tongue during the entrance examination before being admitted into the middle school. Here, the mother tongue refers to the traditional culture and language of every ethnic group. Since 1979, the government has actively launched the campaign to encourage the citizens to speak Chinese. On the other hand, the status of Chinese has long since been in the worrisome status. The bilingual policy has been revised several times, especially that concerning the education of Chinese. From 1992 to 2004 alone there has been three major reviews and reforms of education of Chinese. The Chinese group is the largest one in Singapore, about 77% of the total population, who are not only numerically dominant but also play a key role in political and economic field and who have contributed greatly to the society. However, the education of Chinese in Singapore has not been strengthened but weakened: both the number and competency of citizens speaking Chinese are on decline. Why? There has been disputes and controversies ove