罗蒂论_心_.pdfVIP

论文摘要 罗蒂作为当代的新实用主义和后现代主义的代表人物，其主要思维兴趣在于 对传统哲学的批判上，而其对传统哲学的批判则以他对“心”这个哲学思想的历 史考察为起点。他通过考察柏拉图、笛卡尔、现代心智哲学家对身心问题的分析， 运用感觉这一特殊的心理事项来消解本体论裂隙，从而解构传统哲学的理论前 提。 罗蒂深入地分析了，感觉在笛卡尔对心的观念变革中所起到的重要作用，以 及笛卡尔哲学自身所包含的三个理论困境：私人知识如何可能？即使是可能的， 那么与其他主体间的通约性如何体现？以及两个实体间如何沟通？行为主义哲 学家将心灵的特性归结为行为的倾向，但是却没有处理好该如何将短暂的心理事 项（如感觉）如何归类。唯物主义哲学家认为心理状态只不过是中性的状态。这 种专题式中性分析却没有解决指称同一性的标准问题。 最后，罗蒂通过对比对跖人的神经状态与人类对痛苦感觉的报导得出结论， 认为关于心的哲学观念只不过是我们赞同某种专门哲学的语言游戏的倾向而已。 我们应该将二者一并抛弃，连带着抛弃身心同一性这样的问题。 笔者认为，罗蒂在对心的考察中，体现了对本质主义的批判，对哲学确定性 寻求的否定。他强调哲学问题只不过是语言问题，而语言是偶然的。 关键词： 身心关系 心理事项 物理事项 感觉 5 ABSTRACT ABSTRACT AABBSSTTRRAACCTT Rorty as a representative of contemporary pragmatism and postmodernism, its main thinking interest is that the critique of traditional philosophy and its critique of traditional philosophy while he investigated the history of the philosophy of the heart as a starting point. Examine Plato, Descartes, mental philosophers analysis of physical and mental problems, he use to feel this special psychological matters to digestion ontological fissure, in order to deconstruct the theoretical premise of the traditional philosophy. Pavarotti in-depth analysis, I feel the important role played by the concept of change of heart in Descartes, and Descartes philosophy itself contains three theoretical dilemma: private knowledge of how it might? Even if it is possible, then the incommensurability between the other main embodied? How to communicate as well as two entities? Behavior philosopher mind the characteristics attributed to the tendency for behavior, but did not deal with how the short-term psychological issues (such as feeling) how classified. The materialist philosophers have argued that the state of mind is only the neutral state. This topic neutral analysis