初中生心理弹性与教养方式、学业成就之间的相关研究.pdfVIP

初中生心理弹性与教养方式、学业成就之间的相关研究 摘 要 心理弹性作为近年来研究热点，受到很多专家学者的关注。本研究以初中生 为研究对象，针对心理弹性、父母教养方式和学生学业成绩三个因素，分别考察 了心理弹性与学业成就、心理弹性与父母教养方式以及父母教养方式与学业成就 之间的关系，重点探讨何种教养方式能够作为保护性因素促进初中学生心理弹性 的发展，以及父母教养方式如何缓冲学业失败带来的危险影响。 研究所用方法为问卷调查法和访谈法，选用问卷为Perris 等人编制的父母 教养方式问卷（EMBU），同时对由加利州WestED 团队所编制的《加州健康儿童 心理弹性调查问卷》进行中文版修订。被试选取芜湖市三中初一和初三学生共 554 人，其中初一328 人，初三226 人。研究结果表明： （1）初一学优组和学困组学生在心理弹性水平上没有显著差异，而初三学 优组和学困组学生在弹性水平上呈现显著差异； （2 ）温暖的教养方式与儿童的心理弹性相关显著，父母的适当参与和干涉 与儿童弹性也有显著正相关； （3 ）温暖积极的家庭教养方式与儿童的学业成绩具有显著正相关，惩罚严 厉和否认拒绝等消极教养方式与学业成绩呈显著负相关。 （4 ）初一和初三学生在心理弹性上没有显著差异，性别差异亦不显著。 关键词：心理弹性 教养方式 学业成就 初中生心理弹性与教养方式、学业成就之间的相关研究 Abstract Mental resilience has been researching spot in recent years, scholars domestic and abroad focused on it and remarkable achievements were gained. This study selected middle school students as subjects, took mental resilience, parenting style and school achievements as variables to explore the relationship between mental resilience and school achievement, mental resilience and parenting style, parenting style and school achievement, and aimed to find which sort of parenting style would function as a stimulus for development of middle school students’ mental resilience and how parenting style work against the risk effect brought by school failure. This study took questionnaire survey and interview as major measuring method. EMBU would be used and Middle School Healthy Kids Resilience Questionnaire would be revised in this study. 554 middle school students from No.3 Middle School Wuhu were selected as participants, including 328 juniors and 226 seniors. And the results were followed: (1) There was significant difference between students of learning excellence and students of learning disabilities among se