突出语篇，注重语境.docVIP

突出语篇，注重语境 　　摘要：完形填空主要测验学生的语言综合运用能力，包括基础知识的掌握和运用，对整个文章逻辑联系的理解，在情景中辨析词义的能力以及词组短语搭配的使用能力，这是大部分考生认为难度最大的考查项目。有些考生完形填空只能做对一两道，有的甚至对完形填空产生了恐惧心理，导致全军覆没。本文旨在通过分析NMET 2013（山东卷）完形填空试题特点及解析技巧，进而向考生们介绍一些相应的解题策略来帮助考生提高完形填空的解题能力。 　　关键词：语篇知识整体逻辑推理综合判断精读推敲观察分析能力 　　完形填空题是一种立意新、要求高的综合性语言测试题，它既考查考生词汇、语法方面的基础知识，还着重考查他们对语篇的理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。近年来，高考试题中完形填空题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高，特别要求考生根据上下文语境或生活常识或文化背景，从整体上把握文章的内在逻辑关系，选出适合语境和文意的选项。下面以NMET2013（山东卷）完形填空试题为例，谈谈如何做好完形填空题。（按原题序号分析） 　　一、试题特点 　　1. NMET2013（山东卷）完形填空依然弘扬“真善美”的永恒主题，体现了英语教学的“人文性”。文章讲述了作者在成长过程中的变化：从不懂得关心别人到懂得关心别人，并从中得到了友谊和幸福感。全文呈明显的总分总结构，首尾呼应，夹叙夹议，情节安排合理，逻辑过渡自然。 　　2.选文共280词，选项180词，空格分布均匀，相邻空格之间间隔适当，避免了提示信息过多或过少的情况。选项的最大间距26词，最小间距为4词，平均间距约13词；考点分布合理。考查项目为动词7个，名词6个，形容词5个，连词1个，代词1个。其中，45题（I had several friends，and two of______ are still my best friends today），兼顾考查了学生的语法知识，如果考生没有注意到文中and一词，很容易误选。 　　3.综合来看，试题注重考查考生结合词汇、语法、语篇知识、生活常识、文化背景知识进行逻辑推理和综合判断的能力，而非简单考查其词汇使用和单句语法及意义方面的知识。在干扰项的设计上，充分考虑了测试的信度与效度，避免了干扰项与正确选项相似度过低或过高而引起的干扰性过弱或过强的情况。NMET 2013（山东卷）完形填空，无论是文章的内容结构，还是从选项的干扰设置，难度均不是很大，相比于2012年难度略有下降。 　　二、试题解析 　　I used to be a very self-centered person，but in the past two years I have really changed. I have started to think about other people 36 I think about myself. I am happy that I am becoming a 37 person. 　　I think my38started when I was at Palomar College. At first，I just wanted to get my 39 and be left alone. I thought I wassmarter than everyone else，so I hardly ever 40 to anyone inmy classes.Bytheendofmyfirstsemester，Iwasreally 41 . It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun. So tried a（n） 　　42 . I started asking people around me how they were doing，and if they were having trouble I 43to help. That was really a big 44 for me. By the end of the year，I had several new friends，and two of 45 are still my best friends today. 　　A bigger cause of my new 46，however，came when I took a part-time job at a Vista Nursing Home. One old lady there who had Alzheimer’s disease became my 47 . Every time I came