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Biostimulation for the Enhanced Degradation of Herbicides in Soil英文文献资料.doc

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Biostimulation for the Enhanced Degradation of Herbicides in Soil英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation AppliedandEnvironmentalSoilScience Volume2011,ArticleID843450,10pages doi:10.1155/2011/843450 ReviewArticle BiostimulationfortheEnhancedDegradationof HerbicidesinSoil RamdasGopinathKanissery 1andGeraldK.Sims 1,2 1 DepartmentofNaturalResourcesandEnvironmentalSciences,UniversityofIllinois,1102S.GoodwinAvenue,Urbana, IL61801,USA 2 UnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture-AgriculturalResearchService,Urbana,IL61801,USA CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoGeraldK.Sims,gksims@ Received14April2011;Revised26June2011;Accepted28June2011 AcademicEditor:AlessandroPiccolo Copyright?2011R.G.KanisseryandG.K.Sims. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkis properlycited. Cleanup of herbicide-contaminated soils has been a dire environmental concern since the advent of industrial era. Although microorganismsareexcellentdegradersofherbicidecompoundsinthesoil,somereparationmayneedtobebroughtabout,in ordertostimulatethemtodegradetheherbicideatafasterrateinacon?nedtimeframe.“Biostimulation”throughtheappropriate utilizationoforganicamendmentsandnutrientscanacceleratethedegradationofherbicidesinthesoil.However,e?ectiveuse ofbiostimulantsrequiresthoroughcomprehensionoftheglobalredoxcycleduringthemicrobialdegradationoftheherbicide moleculesinthesoil.Inthispaper,wepresenttheprospectsofusingbiostimulationasapowerfulremediationstrategyforthe rapidcleanupofherbicide-pollutedsoils. 1.Introduction nitrogenorphosphorusavailability,oralackofstimulation ofthemetabolicpathwaysresponsiblefordegradationcan inhibitordelaytheremediation.Inthesecases,accumulation ofexogenousnutrientscanenhancethedegradationofthe toxicmaterials[5]. The term “biostimulation” is often used to describe the addition of electron acceptors, electron donors, or nutri- entstostimulatenaturallyoccurringmicrobialpopulations [1].Comprehensively,biostimulationcouldbeperceiv