历史背景下的地方小剧种——商丘市四平调剧团兴衰史-local minor operas in historical background - the ups and downs of shangqiu siming opera troupe.docxVIP

摘要四平调是一个深受群众喜爱的地方剧种，它被称作中国民间艺术中的一朵奇葩，这 个剧种已经有 70 多年的历史，由于它的演变轨迹非常清晰，在我国戏剧界具有广泛的 代表性，被人们称作是中国戏曲发展史的一个缩影。然而四平调和其它兄弟剧种一样， 在它的发展演变中充满了风雨和波折。商丘四平调剧团成立于 20 世纪 50 年代初期，是四平调剧种的第一个官办剧团。该 剧团在商丘成立后，逐渐形成正规的管理体制，使四平调演出的性质发生了变化。剧团 自成立至今，在不同的历史时期，其剧团体制、经济运作、人员培训、演出方式、音乐 和剧目等方面随着社会的渐进，呈现出不同的面貌。本文旨在记录四平调剧团的变化过 程，从宏观立场把四平调剧团的发展分为六个历史时期，第一章对四平调剧种溯流探源， 考察四平调剧种形成的轨迹，该章不属于剧团发展的范畴。第二章至第七章，分别为 1949～1966 的第一期；1966～1978 的第二期；1978～1988 的第三期；1988～2002 的第 四期；2002～2010 的第五期，围绕这五个历史时期四平调剧团的体制、运营、人员、演 出、乐器、剧目等实际情况，对四平调剧团的演进过程做出尽可能详细的阐述。在着重 讨论四平调剧团历史进程的基础上，总结其变迁原因并从非物质物化遗产保护的角度针 对剧种保护提出相应的建议。关键词：四平调， 剧团，兴衰史IABSTRACTSi ping diao is a local operas loved very much by people, it is called a miraclein of China folk art, this weapon has 70 years history, It has extensive representative in our country because of its clearly evolvement track. It known as an epitome of the development of Chinese drama. As the other brother opera , its evolution filled with rain and twists.Shangqiu Si ping diao troupe Founded in the early 1950s, is the first four level official opera troupe. The troupe was established in Shangqiu, and gradually formed after the regular management system, make the nature of Si ping diao level changed. Since the theater’s foundation, in its different historical period, showing a different outlook in its business operation, personnel and style of acting, operas repertoire with societys gradual aspects. This paper aims to record the change processes of Si ping diao. The development of Si ping diao troupe is divided into six historical period in troupe macro standpoint, the first chapter (1931 ~ 1949) in four different level, examine level up four opera retraces the trajectory, this chapter form does not belong to the category of troupe development. Chapter2 to chapter 7, from 1949 to 1966, respectively; the first issue 1966 ~ the second; 1978 The third period from 1978 to 1988; 1988 ~ 2002 stage 4; The fifth period 2002 ~ 2010, around four level of the system, operation, the troupe personnel, t