TGF―β与器官纤维化研究进展.docVIP

TGF―β与器官纤维化研究进展 　　[摘要]转化生长因子-β（transforming growth factor-β，TGF-β）是一种能使正常的成纤维细胞的表型发生转化的生长因子，其在肾小管间质纤维化的过程中扮演重要角色。TGF-β的特点是分布广、影响大。在哺乳动物中至少发现有4种TGF-β亚型，在人体内大多数细胞都可以合成TGF-β，其信号转导通路主要有Smad和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）两条途径，主要功能为抑制细胞增殖，促进细胞外基质积聚。当肾小管间质发生纤维化时，细胞外基质（ECM）沉积增多，是导致慢性肾功能衰竭的原因之一。肾间质纤维化是各种肾脏疾病发展到肾衰竭的共同途径及病理基础。持续的肝损伤会导致肝脏大面积纤维化而引起肝硬化。肾间质纤维化与肝纤维化时，TGF-β也起到了很重要的作用。本文旨在关于TGF-β功能、TGF-β相关受体信号转导通路及其肾小管间质纤维化和肝纤维化相关的研究进展进行探讨，并对TGF-β相关受体在临床应用方面进行了简要的展望。 　　[关键词]转化生长因子-β；肾小管间质纤维化；肝纤维化；细胞外基质；细胞信号转导 　　[中图分类号] R318.16 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2017）06（b）-0012-05 　　[Abstract]Transforming growth factor-β（TGF-β） is a kind of growth factor which turn normal cellular into fibrosis，and it plays an important role in the process of renal tubule interstitial fibrosis.TGF-β has the characters that widely spreading and influence.There are 4 sub-types has been found at least in mammals and it could be produce by varieties of cell in human.It contains 2 signaling pathways that Smad and MAPK，and the critical functions are cell growth depression and enhancing the gathering of extracellular matrix.One of the reasons cause chronic renal failure is excessive ECM deposition when renal tubule switch to fibrosis.Renal interstitial fibrosis is the common pathway of various development of kidney disease to kidney failure and the pathologic basis of persistent liver damage can lead to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis caused by large area.The renal interstitial fibrosis and hepatic fibrosis，TGF- beta also played a very important role.This paper aims at about TGF- beta function，TGF- beta receptor signal transduction pathway and renal tubule fibrosis and liver fibrosis related quality progress were discussed，and the TGF-beta receptor in clinical application are briefly discussed. 　　[Key words]Transforming growth factor-β；Renal tubule interstitial fibrosis；Liver fibrosis；Extracellular matrix；Cellular signal transduction 　　器官纤维化（organ fibrosis）是引起机体脏器功能衰竭的主要病理因素之一，尤其在肝脏和肾脏等身体主要器官，对人类健康影响巨大[1]。目前普遍认为其发生机制与TGF-β（tra