VRS系统流动端模糊度的快速解算-大地测量学与测量工程专业论文.docxVIP

- - I - 摘 要 VRS 系统流动端实时高精度定位采用载波相位站星双差观测方程解算，其中双 差模糊度的浮点解估计方法是基础，双差模糊度快速搜索算法是关键。本文在此基 础上讨论了相位周跳的探测与修复，站星双差观测方程及其线性化等问题，并采用 最小二乘算法解算双差整周模糊度浮点解和协方差阵。在解算过程中，对模糊度协 方差法进行了讨论和研究，尤其是对 LAMBDA 方法做了详细的分析，并针对降相 关性变换过程中出现的病态 Z 变换提出了正则化的改进方法，通过实验对本文的方 法进行分析，快速固定整周模糊度，最终实现 VRS 流动端模糊度实时固定；详述如 下： (1) 对 GPS 相位观测方程进行线性化，并推导站星双差观测方程，给出了双差 观测方程解算的最小二乘估计模型。 (2) 研究了协方差优化 Cholesky 分解方法，实现模糊度的快速搜索。分析了整 数最小二乘模糊度降相关平差法(LAMBDA)，采用 Cholesky 分解和联合 Z 变换实现 降相关性。 (3) 针对 LAMBDA 方法出现的病态变换，本文提出协方差阵正则化法：降相关 性整数变换前对协方差阵 Tikhonov 正则化，有效地提高了双差模糊度解算的可靠 性，减少解算历元数。对文中的算法进行程序实现，并通过实验数据验证了算法的 可行性。 关键词：虚拟参考站(VRS)；最小二乘估计；OTF；Cholesky 分解；LAMBDA； 正则化 - - II - Abstract The flow terminal of VRS realizing real-time and highly accurate location which used to solve the carrier phase station star double difference observation. the basics estimation method is the float solution of double-difference. Double-difference search algorithm is critical. This article discusses the detection and reparation of the phase cycle slip, the carrier phase station star double difference observation and its linearization, adopting least square algorithm to estimate the flow terminal of double integer ambiguity and the covariance matrix. Then discuss and research the covariance method of ambiguity. Especially gives the method of LAMBDA a detail analysis. Also according to the process of the lower correlation transform appear the morbid Z transform propose the improved method of regularization. Finally, according to experiment analyze the paper method. Quickly fix the ambiguity. Finally realize the flow terminal of VRS ambiguity real-time fixed. Details are as follows: Firstly, the GPS phase observation equation is made to linearization, and derive the station star double difference observation. Give the solution of double difference observation. Secondly, introduce the basic principles of covariance ambiguity search. Researching and anglicizing the covariance optimization Cholesky resolution realize the quick search of ambiguity.analyse