不同肥料处理对茶树生长和茶叶品质的影响-农业推广专业论文.docxVIP

山东农业大学硕士专业学位论文 山东农业大学硕士专业学位论文 不同施肥处理对北方茶园茶树生长和茶叶品质的影响 不同施肥处理对北方茶园茶树生长和茶叶品质的影响 I I PAGE PAGE IV 中文摘要 茶树是喜酸性植物，最适宜 pH 值在 4.0-6.5 之间，而山东土壤 pH 值 偏高，且由于 pH 值偏高导致部分元素有效性含量降低，使茶树营养不良。 因此，如何改善山东茶园茶树营养条件，使北方茶树健康茁壮成长，已成 为迫切需要解决的问题。 通过施肥给茶树补给营养是一种行之有效的途径，即为茶树的生长发 育提供了充足的营养物质，又在一定程度上改良了土壤，从根本上解决了 北方茶园营养问题。 本实验通过对北方新建茶园进行施肥处理及各项指标测定研究了不 同肥料处理对茶树增产、增质的效应： 1. 对北方新建茶园施用生物有机肥、微生物肥料、有机无机混施肥、 矿质营养肥料、控释肥、叶面肥。 2. 测定各处理茶树生长指标，结果表明：试验中各肥料处理均能促 进茶树的生长和产量的提高，其中对茶树百芽重、芽头密度和产量肥效较 明显，各处理以生物有机肥和叶面肥同时施用肥效最为显著，各肥料单独 处理中以生物有机肥最明显。 3. 测定各处理茶树光合指标，结果各处理可显著提高茶树的光合速 率，部分处理同时可降低细胞间隙二氧化碳浓度，而对气孔导度和蒸腾速 率影响不明显。 4. 测定各处理茶树生化成分含量。各处理对茶树茶多酚和氨基酸含 量影响较大，以生物有机肥和叶面肥同时施用肥效最为显著，各肥料单独 处理中以生物有机肥最明显，均能显著降低茶叶中茶多酚含量，提高茶叶 中氨基酸含量，而对茶叶中咖啡碱和水浸出物含量的影响不显著。 关键词： 茶树； 施肥； 产量； 品质 III III PAGE PAGE IV Abstract Tea plant like growth in acidity soil, the best pH between 4.0-6.5, but SHAN Dong soil pH is on the high side, and that reducing some element validity, witch caused the tea plant undernourishment. So it is a cry for problem that improve SHAN Dong tea garden nutrition condition. It is a effective method by supply nutrition for tea plant by fertilizing, witch not only supply ample nutrition for tea plant growth but also improve soil condition a certain extent, so it can solve the nutrition problem in north tea garden radically. In this experimentation we fertilized in north new tea garden and determined some index and researched the effect of fertilizer for tea output and quality. The following researchs were conducted by the author: Fertilization in north tea garden with bioorganic fertilizer, Microbial fertilizer, Organic-inorganic complex fertilizers, Mineral nutrition fertilizer, Release-controlled fertilizer, Foliar-fertilizer. Determined the tea plant growth index. The results indicate that in this experimentation all fertilizer can accelerate the tea plant growth and increased the tea output. The index of one hundred buds weight, bud density, output had obvious increased compared to the comparison. In all treat,