次最大强度下改变坐角坐高对骑行影响运动学特征分析.docVIP

次最大强度下改变坐角坐高对骑行影响运动学特征分析 　　摘 要：在次最大强度下改变骑行变量坐角与坐高，结果表明：恢复阶段的曲柄角速度及膝、踝关节轨迹特征的理论论证与实际结果具有很好的一致性；参与本次实验的自行车运动员坐角不应小于72°、坐高不低于106%TH的定位较为合理；初步确认了踏蹬技术的三种运动学诊断指标即提拉阶段的曲柄角速度、不同组合下踏蹬时上、下死点区域的大小，膝、踝关节中心轨迹的重叠程度、光滑程度、对称性与非对称性。实验发现运动员在踏蹬过程中大腿屈伸范围的基本恒定性，因而提出了提高自行车运动员髋关节伸展功率的力量训练方法―即力量训练应控制大腿屈伸范围在30°～85°间。 　　关键词：运动学特征；坐角；坐高；踏蹬技术；指标 　　中图分类号：G804.66 　　文献标识码：A 　　文章编号：1007-3612(2008)08-1076-06 　　 　　A Kinematic Characteristics Analysis of Variation in Seat Tube Angle at Different Seat Heights on 　　Submaximal Cycling Performance 　　LUO Jiong 　　(College of Physical Education,Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China) 　　Abstract:A few results have been obtained through the variations in seat tube angle at different seat heights on submaximal cycling performance. The better agreement on the theoretic analysis of knee and ankle joint tracks and the angular velocity of crank in the recovery phase with practical results .Seat angle should be more than 72° and seat height be more than 106% TH are considered the better orientation for participating this experiment bicycle-athletes. Three Kinematic indexes using in diagnosis for pedalling techniques were decided. The first is the angular velocity of crank in the recovery phase.The second is copes of TDC in the different combinations. The third is lubricous degree, symmetry and unsymmetry of knee and ankle joint track. The experiment discovers that the invariablenes basically about bending and extending scope of thigh angle during the pedaling which tells us the strength training method of improving stretching power of coax joint related to bicycle athletes, namely bending and stretching angle of thigh must be controlled in 30°～85°while pursuing strength training. 　　Key words: kinematic characteristics；seat angle；seat height；pedalling techniques；index 　　 　　最近几十年，生物力学和空气动力学方面的研究正日益影响着自行车运动的的发展，毫无疑问，骑行成绩的提高除了要注重训练、管理、营养外，选取最佳骑行姿势、改善骑行的动作效率绝对是获取优异成绩不可替代的前提。目前我国有关自行车技术理论方面的研究较少，训练中，缺乏科学的技术理论指导，教练员们仅靠经验去矫正运动员的技术，因而难以获得明显的效果；此外，由于我国基