美国对中方137个问题的答复.pdfVIP

th The 14 Trade Policy Review of the United States of America 第 14次美国贸易政策审议 QuestionsfromChina 中国的问题 PART I.QUESTIONS BASEDONREPORT BY THESECRETARIAT (WT/TPR/S/382) 第 第一部分 基于秘书处报告 （WT/TPR/S/382）提出的问题 Question 1 问题 1 Summary (1) 总结 （1） thefocusof U.S.trade policy has shiftedtoadopting policiesthat are intendedtosupport its nationalsecurity and strengthen its economy. 美国贸易政策的重点已转变为采取政策支持其国家安全并强化其经济。 1. National security is the most basic value pursuit of a country, but its extension and connotationcannot bearbitrarilyexpandedtoharmfreetrade.Pleaseexplainthecriteria thatthe U.S.usesto measure nationalsecurity inthefieldsoftradeand investment,and pleasetellhowtheU.S.caneffectively restrictand preventtheabuseof nationalsecurity? “国家安全”是每个国家最基本的价值追求，但不能肆意扩大外延内涵，危害自由贸易。请美方详细 说明在贸易和投资领域中对“国家安全”的衡量标准，并解答如何有效限制和防止滥用“国家安全”？ RESPONSE: The views of the United States regarding the relationship between U.S. trade policy and national security are articulated in the 2018 Trade Policy Agenda and 2017 Annual Report of the President of the United States on the Trade Agreements Program, available at: /sites/default/files/files/Press/Reports/2018/AR/2018%20Annual%20R eport%20FINAL.PDF. 答复：美国关于贸易政策与国家安全之间相互关系的观点已在 《美国总统2018年贸易政策议程》和 《美 国 总 统 关 于 贸 易 协 定 项 目 的 2017 年 年 度 报 告 》 中 阐 明 ， 详 见 ： /sites/default/files/files/Press/Reports/2018/AR/2018%20Annual%20R eport%20FINAL.PDF。 Questions 2-6 问题2-6 Summary (3) 总结 （3） Fiscal policy turned pro-cyclical in 2018,withthe enactment of theTax Cuts andJobsAct of 2017,theBipartisanBudgetActof2018andtheConsolidatedAppropriationsActof2018.Tax rates were lowered for businesses and individuals:the top corporate tax rate was reduced from35%to21%,andthetaxsystemwaschangedfro