轮轴压装过程的有限元分析.docVIP

轮轴压装过程的有限元分析 摘要：由于轮轴压装质量直接影响轨道列车的安全运行，针对轮轴 压装不当产生轮轴内表面严重机械损伤的问题，应用有限元法对其进行研 究?用Abaqus建立过盈配合下轮轴的有限元模型，仿真分析压装过程中压 装力和等效应力的变化及分布规律，发现应力集中位置位于车轴轮座与轮 毂孔的结合处及注油孔的外沿，因此应对应力集中位置做重点探伤；压装 过程中压装力和最大等效接触应力都不断变化，其中压装力随着压装位移 的增大而逐渐增大，而最大等效接触应力随着压装位移的增大呈先增大后 减小的趋势；通过对比不同压入位移时轮轴的等效应力发现，压入位移超 过190 mm时，车轴左端卸荷槽处开始发牛形变，出现应力集中现象，因 此压入位移应控制在190 mm以内. 关键词：轮轴压装；过盈配合；压装力；等效应力；冇限元 中图分类号：U260. 331. 1文献标志码：B Finitc clement analysis of wheel and axle shaft fitting process WANG Ting, FAN Zhixin (School of Material Science and Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, Liaoning, China) Abstract： The quality of wheel and axle shaft fitting affects the safety of railway train oporation directly. For serious mechanical damage of the wheel and axle inner surface caused by the improper installation, the finitc element method is used to study wheel and axle shaft fitting. The finite element models of wheel and axle shaft are built in Abaqus? Through the simulation and calculation, the change and distribution rules of fitting force and the equivalent stress between wheel and axle are analyzed? It is found that the stress concentration appears in the combination of wheel seat on the axle and wheel hub bore and the outer edge of the oil injection hole? So the location of stress concentration should be detected with emphasis. With the fitting force and maximum equivalent contact stress changing constantly, the fitting force increases along with the press displaccment, while the maximum equivalent contact stress firstly increases and then decreases. By comparing the equivalent stress of wheel and axle shaft with different press displacement , it is found that the stress concentration will induce the phenomenon of deformation in the unloading groove when the press displacement is over 190 mm. It is better to control the press displacement under 190 mm. Key words： wheel and axle shaft fitting； interferenee fit； fitting force； equivalent stress； finite element 收稿日期：2016[KG*9]]07[KG*9ll30 修回日期：2O16